Enzyme Inhibition and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Methods for Carbamate Pesticide Residue Analysis in Fresh Produce

Abstract

An acetylcholinesterase inhibition method was employed for detection of 21 carbamate pesticides in bananas, peaches, strawberries, and tomatoes. Each of these four agricultural commodities was spiked with 0.1 to 10 ppm of each of the 21 carbamates and individual detection levels were determined. Similar responses and detection limits were observed for all four produce when tested for a given carbamate. The detection levels ranged from 0.1 ppm for carbofuran and 3-hydroxycarbofuran to 6 ppm for promecarb and aldicarb sulfoxide. These results are generally at or below the tolerances established by the Environmental Protection Agency for these commodities. Positive samples from the enzyme inhibition screening were also analyzed with the carbaryl-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The detection limits for carbaryl and carbofuran were 2.0 ppb and 8.0 ppb, respectively. The other carbamates did not exhibit cross-reactivity even at high ppb levels. Thus, the enzyme inhibition assay and ELISA are simple and fast screening procedures for the detection of carbamate pesticide residues in food commodities.

A highly selective and sensitive CdS fluorescent quantum dot for the simultaneous detection of multiple pesticides

“…Therefore, to monitor these pesticides in agriculture products, soil, and drinking water, the development of simple, rapid, and efficient detection methods is of urgent importance. [12][13][14][15][16] The traditional methods of detecting paraquat and glufosinate-ammonium in domestic and foreign soil include microchemical analysis, chromatography, [17][18][19][20][21] enzyme inhibition, 22 and capillary electrophoresis. Despite each having its unique advantages, the high cost of testing equipment and the cumbersome pretreatment of samples limit their widespread use.…”

“…The traditional methods of detecting paraquat and glufosinate-ammonium in domestic and foreign soil include microchemical analysis, chromatography, 17–21 enzyme inhibition, 22 and capillary electrophoresis. Despite each having its unique advantages, the high cost of testing equipment and the cumbersome pretreatment of samples limit their widespread use.…”

Inorganic Recognizer-Assisted Homogeneous Electrochemiluminescence Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides via Target-Controlled Emitter Release

“…These OPs phosphorylate the hydroxyl of serine in cholinesterase (ChE), subsequently depressing the activity of ChE. , Thus, the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh) increases, posing a significant threat to human health. , In view of this, it is highly imperative to find an effective approach for determining OPs and investigating their distribution and degradation in agricultural crops. Chromatography, mass spectroscopy, and their tandem techniques have been widely applied in exploring the residues of OPs in product, water, and soil, but are limited to lengthy time, large and sophisticated equipment, skilled personnel, and relatively low sensitivity. , There is a need to develop a simple and sensitive method for OP sensing.…”

“…Chromatography, mass spectroscopy, and their tandem techniques have been widely applied in exploring the residues of OPs in product, water, and soil, but are limited to lengthy time, large and sophisticated equipment, skilled personnel, and relatively low sensitivity. 8,9 There is a need to develop a simple and sensitive method for OP sensing.…”

Thermal dissociation atmospheric chemical ionization ion trap mass spectrometry with a miniature source for selective trace detection of dimethoate in fruit juices

“…In recent years, monitoring dimethoate and similar pesticide residues in food has become a very important governmental task in some countries. A wide variety of analytical methods have been developed for determination of pesticide residues in fruits, vegetables, and fruit juices, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, [1][2][3] liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, [4][5][6] liquid-liquid microextraction chromatography, 7 liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), 8 solid-phase microextraction (SPME), 9 matrix solid-phase dispersion method (MSPD), 10 enzyme inhibition, 11 and so on. However, complicated sample pretreatments such as extraction and purication required by these traditional techniques for complex sample analysis make the whole analysis process laborious and time consuming (>40 min), making it difficult to achieve fast detection of pesticide residues in complex food samples.…”