Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay typing of California serogroup viruses isolated in Canada

Abstract

A procedure was developed to type California serogroup viruses by an antibody-capture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seven California serogroup members from North America were distinguished, including snowshoe hare, La Crosse, California encephalitis, San Angelo, Jamestown Canyon, Keystone, and trivittatus. Extensive cross-reactions were observed between Jamestown Canyon and the closely related South River strain. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was successfully applied to the typing of 77 California serogroup viruses isolated in Canada, inicluding 61 snowshoe hare, 13 Jamestown Canyon, and 3 trivittatus topotypes.

Detection of a novel bunyavirus associated with fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome in Henan Province, China, using real-time reverse transcription PCR

“…These uncertainties highlight the importance of developing sensitive methods for the diagnosis and surveillance of FTLS. Although immunoassays are available for antigen-based detection of viruses, the potential for cross-reactions with highly homologous viruses cannot be ignored (Artsob et al, 1984;Hildreth et al, 1982). However, conventional approaches, such as neutralization tests and cell culture, are time-consuming and laborious.…”

Molecular characterization of African orthobunyaviruses

“…The classification of the Bunyamwera serogroup is based upon antigenic relationships, determined by plaque-reduction neutralization, haemagglutination-inhibition, complement-fixation and radial-immunodiffusion tests (Shope & Causey, 1962;Calisher & Karabatsos, 1988). Although serological immunoassays are available for antigen detection of a few viruses, cross-reactions are common and may impair their identification (Artsob et al, 1984;Hildreth et al, 1982). Molecular diagnosis of orthobunyavirus species would facilitate surveillance of vectors and reservoirs, as well as laboratory diagnosis.…”

Standardization of Immunoglobulin M Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Routine Diagnosis of Arboviral Infections

“…IgM produced early in infection does not always possess neutralizing activity (7). When the worldwide antibody panels based on the various exploitable cross-reactions were used (1,7,17,19), a single MAC-ELISA format incorporating various antigens gave a rapid and precise picture of the IgM antibody status of a given serum. Newly emerging arboviruses and those in other virus families can be added to any battery as soon as the proper viral antigens have been developed and positive controls are obtained.…”

“…IgM appears early in infection, rises rapidly in the disease course, and is usually less virus cross-reactive than IgG (16). While many separate IgM ELISAs have been developed for arboviruses, these tests are not well standardized (1,13,15,20). Most use a commercial source of anti-human IgM as capture antibody, but they also use purified virus as antigen, which is impractical for multiple agents (4-7, 11, 14).…”