Enzyme-treated Ecklonia cava extract inhibits adipogenesis through the downregulation of C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Kim, In‐Hye; Nam, Taek‐Jeong

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2017.2869

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, it decreased the expression of CCAAT/(C/EBP)a, SREBP-1c, adipocyte-FABP, FAS, and adiponectin. Thus, EC prevented adipogenesis by affecting the activation of the C/EBPa signaling pathway and the resulting adipogenesis-related gene expression (Kim and Nam 2017). In a similar report, dieckol from EC inhibited lipid accumulation via activation of AMPKa signaling and cell-cycle arrest in 3T3-L1 cells and mouse and zebrafish models ).…”

Section: Anti-obesity Activitymentioning

confidence: 57%

Recent advances in pharmacological research on Ecklonia species: a review

2017

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The genus Ecklonia (Lessoniaceae, Phaeophyceae), commonly called kelp (brown algae), is abundant on the coasts of Japan and Korea. During the past few decades, Ecklonia species have received tremendous attention for their wide range of therapeutic properties and multiple health benefits, such as great nutritional value and being rich in vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, proteins, and polysaccharides. Several novel functional ingredients with diversified biological activities have been isolated and possess antimicrobial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant therapeutic properties. The present review discusses the phytochemical, pharmacological, therapeutic, nutritional, and health benefits of different species of genus Ecklonia, as well as their use in the prevention of disease and maintenance of good health.

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Section: Anti-obesity Activitymentioning

confidence: 57%

Recent advances in pharmacological research on Ecklonia species: a review

2017

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“…In the present study, the hepatic expression levels of the lipid metabolism-associated genes AMPK and ACC were investigated with western blot analysis. In a previous study, EEc treatment in 3T3-L1 adipocytes reduced C/EBPα/β/δ and PPARγ levels ( 58 ). In the present study, the EHD groups had lower expression levels of C/EBPα and PPARγ compared with those in the HFD group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Studies on the anti-obesity effects of E. cava have been performed in zebrafish ( 49 , 50 ), mice ( 51 – 53 ) and cell cultures ( 54 – 57 ), with most of these studies focusing on identifying a method to effectively extract phlorotannins (e.g., eckol, dieckol and phlorofucofuroeckol-A). For this purpose, a previous study by our group investigated a variety of methods, including hot-water extraction, ethanol extraction and enzyme extraction, and assessed the yield efficiency and economic efficiency ( 58 ). Hot water treatments (60°C and 90°C), ethanol treatments (60 and 80%) and enzymatic treatments (Protex 6L, an endo-type protease; Rapidase press L, a pectinase cellulase/hemicellulase enzyme complex; Rohament CL, a cellulase β glucanase/hemicellulase enzyme complex; and a Rapidase press L + Rohament CL complex) were performed to determine the optimal conditions for processing E. cava .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EEc used in the present study included three components (eckol, dieckol and phlorofucofuroeckol A) with 17.5 mg/g of dieckol as an indicator substance, and high yields and high concentrations of polyphenols were obtained from E. cava . The previous study also investigated the inhibitory effects of EEc treatment on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis-associated gene expression ( 58 ). The expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), and the adipogenesis-associated genes sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), adipose fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) significantly decreased following treatment, which indicates that EEc may be a potential agent for the prevention of obesity at the cellular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-obesity effects of pectinase and cellulase enzyme‑treated Eckloniaï¿½cava extract in high‑fat diet‑fed C57BL/6N mice

et al. 2017

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The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of enzyme-treated Ecklonia cava extract (EEc) in C57BL/6N mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. The EEc was separated and purified with the digestive enzymes pectinase (Rapidase X-Press L) and cellulase (Rohament CL) and its effects on the progression of HFD-induced obesity were examined over 10 weeks. The mice were divided into 6 groups (n=10/group) as follows: Normal diet group, HFD group, mice fed a HFD with 25 mg/kg/day Garcinia cambogia extract and mice fed a HFD with 5, 25 or 150 mg/kg/day EEc (EHD groups). Changes in body weight, fat, serum lipid levels and lipogenic enzyme levels were determined. The body weight and liver weight were increased in the HFD group compared with those in the ND group, which was significantly reduced by EEc supplementation. In addition, significant reductions in epididymal, perirenal and mesenteric white adipose tissues were present in the EHD groups and all three EHD groups exhibited decreases in insulin, leptin and glutamate pyruvate transaminase levels compared with those in the HFD group. In addition, EEc treatment significantly decreased the serum and hepatic triglyceride levels compared with those in the HFD group. However, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol ration increased significantly in EHD-25 and -150 groups compared with those in the HFD group. Changes in adipogenic and lipogenic protein expression in the liver was assessed by western blot analysis. The EHD-25 and -150 groups exhibited reduced levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ. However, the phosphorylation ratios of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were significantly increased in the liver tissue obtained from the EHD (5, −25 and -150 mg/kg/day) groups compared with those in the HFD group. EEc supplementation reduced levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, adipose fatty acid-binding protein, fatty acid synthase and leptin, while it significantly increased glucose transporter type 4 and adiponectin protein levels in the liver tissues of all three EHD groups compared with those in the HFD group. Taken together, these results suggest that EEc exerts anti-obesity effects by reducing body weight and the serum and hepatic levels of obesity-associated factors. Thus, EEc supplementation reduces HFD-induced obesity in C57BL/6N mice and has the potential to prevent obesity and subsequent metabolic disorders.

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“…These compounds have anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial and radioprotective properties, as well as inhibitory effects against the human immunode ciency virus (17)(18)(19)(20). A previous report showed that compounds isolated from the ethanol extract of dried E. cava (EEEC) including phloroglucinol, eckol, phlorofucofuroeckol, and dieckol exhibit strong antiviral activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by inhibiting viral entry and/or replication and suppressing adipogenesis through the downregulation of C/EBPα in adipocytes (21,22). In addition, a previous report suggested that E. cava has bene cial effects on growth performance, cecal micro ora, and intestinal morphology in weaning pigs (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eckol alleviates intestinal dysfunction during suckling-to-weaning transition via modulation of PDX1 and HBEGF

Lee

Kim

2020

Preprint

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Background Maintaining intestinal health in livestock is critical during weaning. Although intestinal dysfunction during this period can be alleviated by phlorotannins including eckol, the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. We addressed this question by evaluating changes in gene expression and intestinal function after treatment with eckol during the suckling-to-weaning transition. The biological roles of differentially expressed genes in intestinal development were investigated by assessing intestinal wound healing and barrier function and associated signaling pathways, along with oxidative stress levels. Results We identified 890 differentially expressed genes in the intestine whose expression was altered by eckol treatment including pancreatic and duodenal homeobox (PDX)1, which directly regulate the expression of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HBEGF) to preserve intestinal barrier function and promote wound healing via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and P38 signaling. Additionally, eckol alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative stress via PI3K/AKT, P38, and 5' AMP-activated protein kinase signaling, improved growth, and reduced oxidative stress and intestinal permeability in pigs during weaning. Conclusions Eckol modulates intestinal barrier function, wound healing, and oxidative stress via PDX/HBEGF and improves growth during the suckling-to-weaning transition, suggesting that it can be used as a feed supplement to preserve intestinal function during this process in pigs and other livestock.

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Enzyme-treated Ecklonia cava extract inhibits adipogenesis through the downregulation of C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Cited by 26 publications

References 76 publications

Recent advances in pharmacological research on Ecklonia species: a review

Recent advances in pharmacological research on Ecklonia species: a review

Anti-obesity effects of pectinase and cellulase enzyme‑treated Eckloniaï¿½cava extract in high‑fat diet‑fed C57BL/6N mice

Eckol alleviates intestinal dysfunction during suckling-to-weaning transition via modulation of PDX1 and HBEGF

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