“Eólicos e inversión privada: El caso de San Mateo del Mar, en el Istmo de Tehuantepec Oaxaca”

Abstract

Resumen Se expone el proceso de resistencia que comuneros de San Mateo del Mar—comunidad/municipio integrante del pueblo etnolingüístico Ikoot—han emprendido ante la promoción del mega proyecto de generación de energía eólica, por empresas trasnacionales (mexicanas y extranjeras) y por el Estado mexicano, pasando por alto derechos individuales y colectivos de indígenas y sus pueblos. El caso forma parte de la experiencia de movilización de los pueblos indígenas del Istmo de Tehuantepec en torno a los parques eólicos y por el respeto de sus derechos y que acompaña el Centro de Derechos Humanos Tepeyac del Istmo de Tehuantepec, Asociación Civil (CDHT), como parte de lo que Boaventura De Sousa Santos y Rodríguez Garavito (2007) identifican como Redes Trasnacionales Alternativas.

Who owns the land owns the wind? Land and citizenship in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico

“…The purpose of these negotiations was to reserve land and to assess the viability of a wind project around 2020. Owing to challenges faced by Mareña Renovable in the south of the Isthmus, the project was relocated to these two municipalities under the name of Eólica del Sur (see Dunlap, 2018; Mejía Carrasco, 2017; Ramirez, 2017; Rueda, 2011). The negotiation process, however, proved to be difficult and resulted in asymmetric outcomes in the two towns.…”

“…This pattern started with the Benito Juárez dam: “land for the project was acquired through a set of deceitful acts causing displacement and benefitting large landholders, as the irrigation system happened to be built on large landholdings.” The Dovalí refinery, built in the 1970s, reproduced this pattern. As Rueda (2011) documents, the oil refinery led to agrarian conflict by expropriating collective land that was claimed by the municipality of San Mateo del Mar. While the refinery construction phase employed local labour, there were negative impacts in the region, owing to the creation of the city of Salina Cruz, and beyond, as oil pipelines crossed the Isthmus.…”

Licenciamento Ambiental E Oposição Social À Energia Eólica: Estudo De Caso Com Foco No Social Gap Em Comunidade Litorânea Do Ceará, Brasil

“…Em contrapartida, em escala global sabe-se que as análises sobre a oposição às energias renováveis são desiguais, com poucas pesquisas realizadas na América do Sul, África e Ásia, com exceção do sul do México (RUEDA, 2011;JUÁREZ-HERNÁNDEZ et al, 2014;ZÁRATE-TOLEDO et al, 2019;DUNLAP, 2019;HOWE, 2019;BOYER, 2019). Tal omissão é significativa quando comparada ao potencial global de energia eólica e ao estado do conhecimento sobre conflitos e possíveis resoluções.…”