Eosinophils: A Friend or Foe in Human Health and Diseases

Syeda, Madiha Zahra; Hong, Tao; Zhang, Chao; Ying, Songmin; Shen, Huahao

doi:10.1159/000528156

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Locally, intestinal eosinophils release EPO to activate DCs and trigger their migration to draining lymph nodes. Also, EPO is positively involved in the regulation of macrophage phagocytosis ( 80 ).…”

Section: Role Of Eosinophils In Respiratory Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils as potential biomarkers in respiratory viral infections

et al. 2023

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Eosinophils are bone marrow-derived granulocytes that, under homeostatic conditions, account for as much as 1-3% of peripheral blood leukocytes. During inflammation, eosinophils can rapidly expand and infiltrate inflamed tissues, guided by cytokines and alarmins (such as IL-33), adhesion molecules and chemokines. Eosinophils play a prominent role in allergic asthma and parasitic infections. Nonetheless, they participate in the immune response against respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus and influenza. Notably, respiratory viruses are associated with asthma exacerbation. Eosinophils release several molecules endowed with antiviral activity, including cationic proteins, RNases and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. On the other hand, eosinophils release several cytokines involved in homeostasis maintenance and Th2-related inflammation. In the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, emerging evidence indicates that eosinophils can represent possible blood-based biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and severity prediction of disease. In particular, eosinopenia seems to be an indicator of severity among patients with COVID-19, whereas an increased eosinophil count is associated with a better prognosis, including a lower incidence of complications and mortality. In the present review, we provide an overview of the role and plasticity of eosinophils focusing on various respiratory viral infections and in the context of viral and allergic disease comorbidities. We will discuss the potential utility of eosinophils as prognostic/predictive immune biomarkers in emerging respiratory viral diseases, particularly COVID-19. Finally, we will revisit some of the relevant methods and tools that have contributed to the advances in the dissection of various eosinophil subsets in different pathological settings for future biomarker definition.

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Section: Role Of Eosinophils In Respiratory Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils as potential biomarkers in respiratory viral infections

et al. 2023

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“…Eosinophils, closely associated with inflammation and immune responses, have been linked to hypersensitivity reactions, allergic responses, and asthma [ 4 ]. Over the past two decades, eosinophils have garnered attention for their pathophysiologic roles in various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and CKD [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between peripheral eosinophil count and chronic kidney disease: evidence from NHANES 1999–2018

Han,

Jia,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Renal Failure

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Background Renal impairment has been previously linked to peripheral eosinophil count (PEC), prompting an investigation into its potential relationship with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999–2018) to comprehensively explore the association between PEC and CKD. Methods Survey-weighted generalized multivariate linear regression was employed to evaluate the associations between PEC, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), with meticulous adjustment for potential covariates. To assess non-linear correlations, a restricted cubic spline analysis was conducted. Sensitivity analysis was performed to test the stability of results. Results The study included a total of 9224 participants with non-dialysis CKD. In the multivariate linear regression model, after comprehensive adjustment for potential covariates, PEC showed a negative association with eGFR (β per 100 cells/uL increase in PEC, −0.71; 95% CI, −1.04, −0.37), while demonstrating a positive trend with UACR (β per 100 cells/uL increase in PEC, 10.21; 95% CI, 1.37, 19.06). The restrictive cubic spline curve analysis suggested that these associations occurred within the range of 0 to 400 cells/uL for PEC. Sensitivity analysis supported the stability of the observed results. Conclusions Circulating eosinophil levels are negatively correlated with eGFR and demonstrate a positive trend with UACR, when PEC falls within the range of less than 400 cells/uL among adults with CKD. Further research is warranted to validate these findings.

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“…[1,2] This limited view of eosinophils has now been refuted by data showing broader and more impactful roles in both health and disease. [3,4] Eosinophilia is defined as an absolute eosinophil count above 500/µL, which occurs in 3 different forms: primary, secondary, and idiopathic. [5] Primary eosinophilia is rare and is caused by intrinsically-triggered clonal hematopoiesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-cause mortality and related factors in patients with varying degrees of peripheral blood eosinophilia

Yilmaz,

Sahin

2024

Medicine

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The aim of this study was to investigate all-cause mortality rates and related factors in patients with different levels of eosinophilia. This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2022 in the Internal Medicine Department of Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye. A total of 161 patients with eosinophilia (at least 3 times) were included and divided into groups with absolute eosinophil counts of 500–999/µL (mild), 1000–1500/µL (moderate), and >1500/µL (severe). The mean age of patients was 65.67 ± 16.64 years at the time of admission, and 45 patients (57.8%) were male. The rates of mortality, oncological disease, and organ involvement were significantly higher in the severe group (P < .05). Increased serum total immunoglobulin E and vitamin B12, hematocrit value, eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and leukocyte were observed in eosinophilic patients. Decreased lymphocyte count, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were higher in deceased patients than in survivors (P < .05). Increased eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, vitamin B12, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were observed in participants who died compared to those who survived (P < .05). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that advanced age and higher LDH activity were independently associated with greater mortality risk while receiving non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or proton-pump inhibitors were associated with reduced mortality risk (P < .05). Advanced age and increased LDH activity were independently associated with greater risk for mortality, whereas absolute eosinophil counts was not. Considering the literature on this topic, our results show the need for further clinical and fundamental research to understand the role of eosinophils in human disease.

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Eosinophils: A Friend or Foe in Human Health and Diseases

Cited by 6 publications

References 149 publications

Eosinophils as potential biomarkers in respiratory viral infections

Eosinophils as potential biomarkers in respiratory viral infections

The association between peripheral eosinophil count and chronic kidney disease: evidence from NHANES 1999–2018

All-cause mortality and related factors in patients with varying degrees of peripheral blood eosinophilia

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