Epidemic Non-A Non-B Hepatitis in Urban Karachi, Pakistan

Smego, Raymond A.; Khaliq, Amir A.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1988.38.628

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…ET-NANB hepatitis was, in turn, determined by later serological testing for anti-HEV antibodies to be mostly hepatitis E [94,[168][169][170]. The Indian subcontinent has continued to host many epidemics of ET-NANB hepatitis and hepatitis E. Outbreaks have erupted across India, Nepal, Burma, Pakistan and Bangladesh, in both urban [77,78,84,86,157,158,162,164,166,[171][172][173][174][175][176] and rural [174,[177][178][179][180] settings (Figs 2-4). HEV strains associated with these 774…”

Section: Widening Epidemic Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more recent, prospective study of HEV infection in the United Arab Emirates found that 21% of women screened antenatally to be viraemic developed FHF as pregnancy progressed [267] specifically associating HEV with detrimental maternal outcomes. [161,168,171]; Azamgarh [86] ; Calcutta [172] ; Vidisha [163] ; Medea [122] ; Kolhapur [162] ; Rangoon [78] ; Kathmandu Valley [178]; Tortiya [280] ; Rundu [278]; Tashauz [232][233][234] ; S Uzbekistan [78,235] ; Maun [285]; refugee camps, Somalia [284] ; refugee camps, Sudan [284] ; Karachi [173] ; S. Xinjiang [239]; Sulangong [241] and Buldana [174].…”

Section: Widening Epidemic Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.Morbidity and mortality frequencies in epidemics of hepatitis E-like, ET-NANB hepatitis with pregnancy deaths, 1978–1990. Kashmir Valley [161, 168, 171]; Azamgarh [86]; Calcutta [172]; Vidisha [163]; Medea [122]; Kolhapur [162]; Rangoon [78]; Kathmandu Valley [178]; Tortiya [280]; Rundu [278]; Tashauz [232–234]; S Uzbekistan [78, 235]; Maun [285]; refugee camps, Somalia [284]; refugee camps, Sudan [284]; Karachi [173]; S. Xinjiang [239]; Sulangong [241] and Buldana [174]. …”

Section: Widening Epidemic Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal outbreaks of jaundice in pregnancy and the epidemic history of hepatitis E

Teo

2012

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYSpace–time clustering of people who fall acutely ill with jaundice, then slip into coma and death, is an alarming phenomenon, more markedly so when the victims are mostly or exclusively pregnant. Documentation of the peculiar, fatal predisposition of pregnant women during outbreaks of jaundice identifies hepatitis E and enables construction of its epidemic history. Between the last decade of the 18th century and the early decades of the 20th century, hepatitis E-like outbreaks were reported mainly from Western Europe and several of its colonies. During the latter half of the 20th century, reports of these epidemics, including those that became serologically confirmed as hepatitis E, emanated from, first, the eastern and southern Mediterranean littoral and, thereafter, Southern and Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the rest of Africa. The dispersal has been accompanied by a trend towards more frequent and larger-scale occurrences. Epidemic and endemic hepatitis E still beset people inhabiting Asia and Africa, especially pregnant women and their fetuses and infants. Their relief necessitates not only accelerated access to potable water and sanitation but also vaccination against hepatitis E.

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