Epidemiologic Studies of Caries-Free and Caries-Active Students : I. Prevalence of Potentially Cariogenic Streptococci

Duany, Luis F.; Jablon, James M.; Zinner, Doran D.

doi:10.1177/00220345720510030601

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is noteworthy that types a and b S. mutans were not found in our clinical isolates. Previous reports by Bratthall [3] and Duany et al [9] showed that types a and b S. mutans were most prevalent in the subjects with permanent dentition in Miami and Cairo, respectively. The study of Grenier et al [19] revealed that all plaque samples obtained from 14 to 16-year-old boys in Michigan, U.S.A., contained organisms which gave a specific reaction with anti-a and d antisera, and type b S. mutans was present in 74% of the plaque samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Survey of Streptococcus mutans among Japanese Children

Hamada

Masuda

Ooshima

et al. 1976

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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An epidemiological investigation was carried out to identify and determine the serotypes of Streptococcus mutans from carious lesions of young Japanese children. For this purpose, a direct fluorescent antibody technique was mainly used. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibodies were prepared for the five known serotypes of S. mutans. Cross reactions and nonspecific reactions were eliminated by adsorption, counterstaining, or DEAE-cellulose column chromatography.Agar-gel immunodiffusion was used to distinguish between serotypes a and d. The epidemiological survey suggested that serotype c strains were most prevalent in dental plaques of Japanese children. The d and e serotypes were rare and serotypes a and b were not detected. It was also noted that more than one serotype of S. mutans could be found in the same locus of a carious lesion and that there might be no relationship between the degree of caries and the causative serotype(s) of S. mutans.Elegant studies with gnotobiotic rats have demonstrated that specific bacteria are necessary for the induction of experimental dental caries [13,18,36]. Most streptococci with a caries-inducing potential have been found to resemble Streptococcus mutans which Clarke [5] originally reported [4,11,20]. Dental caries can also be induced by Actinomyces viscosus and some species of lactobacilli and streptococci other than S. mutans, but these bacteria produced caries, especially on smooth surfaces, less regularly and less severely than S. mutans. The disease has been recognized to be infectious and transmissible although it is multifactorial in nature [29].S. mutans was found indigenously in the human mouth in distinctly separated areas of the world [3] and was detected more frequently in the plaque of carious lesions than in that of healthy teeth [8,12,32,41]. Most strains of S. mutans are antigenically different from any of the known Lancefield groups of streptococci [20]. Bratthall [1,2] reported that strains of S. mutans could be separated into five serotypes based on specific antigens detected by serological analysis. His serological types closely paralleled the genetic types reported by Coykendall [6] on the basis of DNA-DNA hybridization studies. Furthermore, the differences among strains of S. mutans in the electrofocusing patterns of cell membrane proteins were correlated with those found by serological and genetic studies [23]. A recent study by Perch et al [38] established the presence of two new serotypes of S. mutans in addition to the five serotypes reported by Bratthall [1].

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Survey of Streptococcus mutans among Japanese Children

Hamada

Masuda

Ooshima

et al. 1976

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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“…Collectively, these organisms comprise a distinct subgroup of the viridans streptococci (15), which we refer to as the mutans streptococci. All mutans streptococci which have been tested in appropriate animal model systems can induce dental caries of varying degrees of severity (16,19,20,22,33,37,53), and they are considered to be a major factor in the etiology of human dental caries (4, 13,14,22,24,27,31,40).…”

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Prevalence, distribution of serotypes, and cariogenic potential in hamsters of mutans streptococci from elderly individuals

Fitzgerald¹,

Fitzgerald²,

Adams³

et al. 1983

Infect Immun

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The prevalence of mutans streptococci (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus cricetus, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Streptococcus rattus) was determined in the salivas of 169 elderly individuals ranging in age from 60 to 87 years. Approximately 40% of these individuals were edentulous and wore full upper and lower dentures. With the exception of a higher proportion of saliva counts below 1,000 CFU/ml in the full-denture wearers, the prevalence and the serotype and species distributions of the mutans streptococci were similar in the denture wearers and individuals with natural teeth only. The species and serotype distributions of mutans streptococci in this elderly population were also consistent with reported observations of other workers on younger, more caries-prone populations. A total of 87 representative isolates of the mutans streptococci were tested for cariogenic potential in a hamster model system. A considerable degree of variation in virulence between different strains was observed. However, these differences were not relatable to individual species or serotypes or to whether the organisms were isolated from denture wearers or naturally dentate subjects. The results of our studies indicate that elderly individuals with either natural or artificial dentitions may be a hitherto unrecognized reservoir of mutans streptococci having varying degrees of potential cariogenicity. Hence, in close family situations they could serve, along with parents and siblings, as vectors in the initial transmission of cariogenic microorganisms to young children.

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“…The results indicate that serotype c of S. mutans, the predominant serotype found in the oral cavity and the serotype with the greatest propensity for colonisa tion [4,13], has a unique capacity to suppress PMN activation not shown by other serotypes. These find ings may have biological relevance, as successful bac terial colonisation of the oral cavity would depend in part on the ability of bacteria to reduce or avoid acti vation of PM Ns and the resultant release of lyso somal contents and oxygen-free radicals with micro bicidal properties [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive epidemiological studies indicate that serotype c is the most prevalent of the seven serotypes (a-g) in dental plaque [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Implantation experiments show also that serotype c has a much greater propensity than serotype a for colonising the oral cavity [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Effects of <i>Streptococcus mutans </i>on Human Neutrophil Adherence and Deoxyglucose Uptake

Seow

Seymour

Thong

1987

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Suppression of human neutrophil adherence and deoxyglucose uptake was observed after direct interaction between neutrophils and serotype c of Streptococcus mutans, but not other serotypes. Since neutrophils comprise more than 95% of leukocytes in gingival crevicular fluid and constitute one of the first lines of defense in the oral cavity, the capacity of S.mutans serotype c to suppress neutrophil activation may explain its predominance over other serotypes, and its greater propensity for colonization of the oral cavity.

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Epidemiologic Studies of Caries-Free and Caries-Active Students : I. Prevalence of Potentially Cariogenic Streptococci

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Epidemiological Survey of Streptococcus mutans among Japanese Children

Epidemiological Survey of Streptococcus mutans among Japanese Children

Prevalence, distribution of serotypes, and cariogenic potential in hamsters of mutans streptococci from elderly individuals

Modulatory Effects of <i>Streptococcus mutans </i>on Human Neutrophil Adherence and Deoxyglucose Uptake

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