Epidemiologic studies on Theileria equi infections for grazing horses in Ili of Xinjiang province

Zhang, Yang; Chahan, Bayin; Liu, Shifang; Song, Ruiqi; Li, Yongchang; Huercha,; Guo, Qingyong; Wu, Hui; Zhu, Yutao

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.07.014

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Generally, the relatively high incidence of TBPs could be attributed to the abundance of vectors in the study area. In XUAR, 45 species from 6 genera of ticks, namely, Hyalomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, and Rhipicephalus are reported (19). In addition, Rhipicephalus turanicus, Dermacentor niveus, Hyalomma asiaticum, and Dermacentor marginatus are the most frequent tick species in domestic animals from thirtyfive counties (cities) in XUAR during 2011-2017 (20).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. in Sheep From Border Regions, Northwestern China

Galon

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Babesia, Theileria, and Anaplasma are important causative agents of tick-borne diseases that severely affect sheep. However, there is paucity in the occurrence genetic diversity of the infections of tick-borne diseases in sheep in border regions, northwestern China. In this study, nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assays and gene sequencing were used to identify tick-borne Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. infections in border regions, northwestern China. Out of 323 samples tested in this study, 225 (69.7%) sheep were infected with Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. Two hundred six (63.8%), 60 (18.6%), 54 (16.7%), 51 (15.8%), 32 (9.9%), 19 (5.9%), and 16 (5.0%) were positive for A. ovis, B. motasi-like, A. bovis, T. uilenbergi, A. phagocytophilum, T. luwenshuni, and B. motasi-like Xinjiang, respectively. The most common dual infection was with A. ovis and B. motasi-like while the most frequent triple coinfection was A. ovis, B. motasi-like, and T. uilenbergi with coinfection rates of 17.0% (55/323) and 5.0% (16/323), respectively. Sequencing analysis indicated that A. ovis MSP4, A. phagocytophilum epank1, A. bovis 16S rRNA, B. motasi-like rap1-b, B. motasi-like Xinjiang rap1-a, T. luwenshuni 18S rRNA, and T. uilenbergi 18S rRNA from border regions, northwestern China, showed 99-100% identity with documented isolates from other countries. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of T. uilenbergi and T. luwenshuni infections of sheep in border regions, northwestern China. Furthermore, these findings provide important data for understanding the distribution of Babesia, Theileria, and Anaplasma in sheep between border countries and China.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. in Sheep From Border Regions, Northwestern China

Galon

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The prevalence of EP was significantly higher in regions, such as Ningxia 80.1% [6], Guizhou 74.0% [7], and Yunnan 73.8% [6]. In addition, Xinjiang, Shanxi, and Hebei were also considered endemic areas of EP, with a prevalence of 40.8% [8], 44.3% and 54.7% [6], respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Xinjiang, Shanxi, and Hebei were also considered endemic areas of EP, with a prevalence of 40.8% [ 8 ], 44.3% and 54.7% [ 6 ], respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of genetic diversity and risk factor analysis of equine piroplasm infection in equids in Jilin, China

et al. 2020

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Background Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne hemoprotozoan disease of equids, caused by Theileria equi and Babesia caballi. Equine piroplasmosis represents a serious challenge to the equine industry due to important economic losses worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in equids from Jilin Province, China. Methods A total of 220 blood samples (192 horses and 28 donkeys/mules) were collected from March 2018 to October 2019 in five districts of Jilin Province and analyzed by PCR. Potential risk factors, including the region, sex, management, and host species of the animals were assessed in relation to T. equi infection. Moreover, the V4 hypervariable region of the T. equi 18S rRNA gene was analyzed to identify specific genotypes. Results The overall prevalence of T. equi in equids was 27.7%, whereas B. caballi infection was not identified. The district with the highest positive rate was Baicheng (43.3%), followed by Tonghua (28.9%), Yanbian (26.4%), Jilin (23.3%), and Liaoyuan (20.9%). The sex of the animals and farm management were identified as main risk factors, which were significantly associated with the prevalence of Equine piroplasmosis (P < 0.05). The risk factor analysis indicated that the females were at a higher risk (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.17–5.27) of being infected compared to the males, whereas the organized farm was protective factor (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22–0.80). The phylogenetic analyses revealed that there were two T. equi genotypes (A and E) in Jilin. Conclusions Our findings provided important epidemiological data for the prevention and control of T. equi infection in Jilin, China.

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“…Пироплазмидоз лошадей широко распространен в мире, и только несколько стран (Австралия, Канада, Новая Зеландия, Великобритания, Ирландия и Япония) считаются свободными от этой инфекции (Bhoora et al, 2009;Salim et al, 2010;Wise et al, 2013). В эндемичных районах доля инфицированных животных часто бывает высокой и превышает 60 % (Zhang et al, 2017); однако у большинства животных гемопаразиты персистируют без видимых признаков инфекции. В большинстве случаев вспышки заболевания происходят, когда неинфицированные лошади оказываются в эндемичных районах или если животные с персистирующей инфекцией попадают в районы, в которых пироплазмидоз лошадей отсутствует, но имеются специфичные клещи-переносчики (Scoles, Ueti, 2015).…”

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Identification of the etiological agent of equine piroplasmosis in Western and Eastern Siberia

et al. 2018

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Equine piroplasmosis is a natural tick-borne infection caused by hemoprotozoan parasites of the order Piroplasmida, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Animals that recover from piroplasmosis remain persistently infected carriers and can transmit pathogens to vector ticks. Cases of equine piroplasmosis are periodically observed in Siberia, however, no agent of equine piroplasmosis has yet been genetically characterized in Russia. The aim of this work was studying the prevalence of the infectious agents of piroplasmosis in horses from Siberia and genotyping the detected agents. Blood samples from 155 horses were examined for the presence of Babesia and Theileria DNA by nested PCR with the subsequent sequencing of positive samples. DNA of T. equi was found in blood samples from 57.9 %, 38.5 % and 65.0 % of horses from Novosibirsk province, Irkutsk province, and the Republic of Altai, respectively. T. equi DNA was found in the samples from almost all sampling sites included in this study, indicating that most of the studied sites are endemic for equine theileriosis. Surprisingly, DNA of B. caballi was not found in any of the samples examined, even though this agent had previously been detected in many regions in Russia, including Altai. The analysis of the determined 18S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that T. equi samples belonged to two genetic groups, which differed significantly by the sequences of the variable (V4) region of the gene. All T. equi sequences from group B were identical and corresponded to T. equi sequences found in the blood of horses from China and Korea, while T. equi sequences from group A differed by 1–5 nucleotide substitutions and were identical to the sequences from the blood of horses from India and Brazil or differed from them by single mismatches. Notably, in this study the presence of etiological agent of piroplasmosis in blood samples from horses in Russia was genetically confirmed for the first time.

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Epidemiologic studies on Theileria equi infections for grazing horses in Ili of Xinjiang province

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. in Sheep From Border Regions, Northwestern China

Molecular Detection and Identification of Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. in Sheep From Border Regions, Northwestern China

First report of genetic diversity and risk factor analysis of equine piroplasm infection in equids in Jilin, China

Identification of the etiological agent of equine piroplasmosis in Western and Eastern Siberia

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