Epidemiological Analysis of Leptospira spp. Infection in Equids from the Brejo Paraibano Microregion of Brazil

Filho, Ruy Brayner de Oliveira; Malta, Karla Campos; Oliveira, Júnior Mário Baltazar de; Santana, Vania Lucia Assis; Harrop, Mabel Hanna Vance; Stipp, Danilo Tancler; Júnior, José Wilton Pinheiro

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2013.08.001

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Therefore, the environmental similarities between the study areas may explain the similar results. Higher rates (28.6%) were obtained by Oliveira Filho et al (2014) when analyzing donkeys in the Brejo Paraíbano; according to Costa et al (2015), this is a micro-region near the coast with similar characteristics and climatic regime, differing from the semi-arid climate of the municipalities analyzed in this study. Esquivel et al (2018), obtained a seropositivity rate of 77.8% in donkeys destined for slaughter in Durango, Mexico; the average temperature in this area is below that of the semi-arid region of Pernambuco (17°C) and has considerable humidity, favoring the survival of the agent in the environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Leptospirosis in donkeys (Equus asinus) destined for slaughter and export

Morais¹,

Júnior²,

Nunes³

et al. 2019

SCA

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Brazil is the eighth largest exporter of equidae meat in the world. Most donkey meat is obtained from discarded animals, raising concerns about their health status, particularly regarding zoonotic infections such as leptospirosis. Thus, this study aimed to determine the frequency of anti-Leptospira sp. antibodies in Northeastern donkeys at two properties specializing in producing donkeys for slaughter and export to the Chinese market, in the municipalities of Parnamirim (A) and Araripina (B), both located in the mesoregion of the Sertão of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. The serum of 349 donkeys was collected, including 147 males and 202 females, aged 3 to 12 years. All animals were subjected to the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) using a cut-off point of 1:50. A total of 19.8% seropositive animals were obtained. The Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup was the most found in this study (40.6%), followed by Australis (27.5%), Autumnalis (8.7%), Sejroe (8.7%), Pomona (8.7%), Celledoni (2.9%), and Tarassovi (2.9%). A higher overall rate of seropositivity was found in donkeys from property B (2.2.4%) in the municipality of Araripina. In the association analysis, it was observed that animals less than 9 years of age were more likely to be seropositive, this may be due to the acquisition of resistance to Leptospira sp. as age advances. A significant number of donkeys seropositive for Leptospira sp. was found, thus, breeding these animals for slaughter and export requires implementing prophylactic measures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Leptospirosis in donkeys (Equus asinus) destined for slaughter and export

Morais¹,

Júnior²,

Nunes³

et al. 2019

SCA

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“…A prevalência de 12,5% de anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii aqui observada foi superior aos resultados encontrados em estudos na Grécia (Kouam et al 2010), Turquia (Karatepe et al 2010), República Tcheca (Hejlíček & Literák 1994) e Brasil (Oliveira Filho et al 2012), que relataram taxas de prevalência variando entre 1,8% e 8,0% e inferior àquelas observadas no Egito (Ghazy et al 2007), Itália (Rinaldi & Scala 2008) e Iran (Tavalla et al 2015) com prevalências variando entre 29% e 48,5%. A diferença na variação nas taxas de soroprevalência para T. gondii em equídeos pode ser justificada em função da utilização dos diferentes testes sorológicos utilizados, cepas de T. gondii, o estado imunitário dos animais, idade, manejo e procedência dos animais (Dubey & Beattia 1988), aliado ao fator resistência natural dos equídeos à infecção por T. gondii (Mendonça et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Vários testes sorológicos para detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-T. gondii em equídeos têm sido realizados na identificação de animais sororreagentes em todo o mundo (Ghazy et al 2007, Kouam et al 2010, mostrando prevalências que variam entre zero a 90% (Uggla et al 1990, Hejlíček & Literák 1994, Jakubek et al 2006, Tassi 2007, Balkaya et al 2011, Oliveira Filho et al 2012, Miao et al 2013, Gharekhani 2014, na dependência do teste utilizado e local de estudo (Dubey et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Da mesma forma, no Brasil, estudos sorológicos apontam diferentes prevalências com variação entre 0% e 70% (Ishizuka et al 1975, Silva et al 1981, Larangeira et al 1985, Costa et al 1986, Braccini et al 1992, Barcelos et al 1997, Vidotto et al 1997, Gazêta et al 1997, Garcia et al 1999, Mendonça et al 2001, Naves et al 2005, Villalobos et al 2005, LocatelliDittrich et al 2006, Coiro et al 2012, Oliveira Filho et al 2012, Evers et al 2013, Oliveira et al 2013, Valença et al 2015.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Soroprevalência de Toxoplasma gondii em equídeos do Nordeste do Brasil

et al. 2018

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RESUMO.-Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a soroprevalência da toxoplasmose em equídeos mantidos em diferentes formas de manejo no estado de Pernambuco. Para tanto, um total de 400 amostras de soro sanguíneo de equídeos clinicamente saudáveis foram analisados através do teste de aglutinação modificado (MAT) considerando-se cut-off de 1:25. Dados referentes às características dos animais e dos rebanhos, sistema de criação, presença de outros animais, idade, sexo, raça, aptidão, condição física foram coletados por meio de questionários investigativos. Anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii foram detectados em 12,5% (50/400) dos animais analisados. Dos 12 municípios estudados, houve positividade em 91,67% (11/12) com variação entre 4,4% e 33,3%. Quando avaliados os fatores de risco, apenas o fator mesorregião (p=0,029) apresentou associação com a infecção, particularmente Zona da Mata (OR=3), seguida de Região Metropolitana do Recife (OR=2,2), Agreste (OR=1,7) e Sertão (OR=1). Os resultados revelam a presença do parasito na área estudada, o que pode representar um elo na cadeia de transmissão da toxoplasmose a qual tem repercussão em saúde pública tendo em vista que o Brasil é o oitavo maior exportador de carne equina do mundo. This paper reports seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in horses kept in different forms of breeding system in the state of Pernambuco. For that, 400 blood serum samples from clinically healthy horses were analyzed through the test of modified agglutination (MAT) considering cut-off of 1:25. Data related to the characteristics of the animals and herds, breeding system, presence of other animals, age, gender, breed, aptitude, and physical conditions were collected throughout investigative surveys. IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 12.5% (50/400) of the analyzed animals. In the 12 studied towns, there was a positivity in 91. 67% (11/12) with a variation between 4% and 33.3%. When the risk factors were evaluated, only the mesoregion factor (p=0.029) had an association with the infection, particularly the Zona da Mata region (OR=3), followed by the Recife Metropolitan Area (OR=2.2), Agreste region (OR=1.7) and Sertão region (OR=1). The results shows the presence of the parasites on the studied area, which may represent a link with the transmission chain of toxoplasmosis which has influence on the public health system, considering that Brazil is the eighth greatest exporter of equine meat in the world.

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“…Studies conducted in different parts of the world have reported a prevalence of Leptospira in horses ranging from 12.8% to 79% (Park et al 1992, Barwick et al 1998, Rocha et al 2004, Odontsetseg et al 2005, Jung et al 2010, Houwers et al 2011. Within the same region or countries, variations of the prevalence have been also reported like in Brazil (Coiro et al 2012, de Oliveira Filho et al 2014, USA (Sillerud et al 1987, Donahue et al 1995, Barwick et al 1998, Donahue and Williams. 2000 and Australia (Swart et al 1982, Dickeson and Love.…”

Section: Apparent Prevalence Of Leptospira Serovars In Three Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

Simbizi

Saulez²,

Potts

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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between potential risk factors and both seropositive horses to the predominant serovar Bratislava and to Leptospira spp were statistically evaluated using univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression models.Adult horses admitted to each equine hospital and horses seen on ambulatory service for various purposes were included in the study. Severely-ill, chronically infected, and horses with underlying immunosuppressive conditions were excluded from sampling, to control for potential bias.A total of 663 horse sera were collected and tested against a panel of 24 leptospiral serovars using the microscopic agglutination test. The most predominant serovars in Gauteng were The apparent prevalence to one or more serovars of Leptospira spp at a serum dilution of 1:100 in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape Provinces was 49%; 37% and 32% respectively. The true prevalence was calculated for each province taking into account the clustering effect during the sampling and was found to be between 24-74% in Gauteng; 26-39% in the Western Cape and 20-54% in KwaZulu-Natal.iv Nooitgedacht (South African horse breed) horses were found to be at greater risk of being seropositive to both serovar Bratislava (OR=5.08) and Leptospira spp (OR=6.3). Similarly, horses residing on properties with forestry in the vicinity were found to be at greater risk of being seropositive to both serovar Bratislava (OR=9.3) and Leptospira spp (OR=5.2). This study has shown that a high proportion of horses in South Africa are exposed to a wide range of serovars, inferring a complex epidemiology. It also describes for the first time new serovars of Leptospira in South African horses that have not previously been reported.v

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Epidemiological Analysis of Leptospira spp. Infection in Equids from the Brejo Paraibano Microregion of Brazil

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Leptospirosis in donkeys (Equus asinus) destined for slaughter and export

Leptospirosis in donkeys (Equus asinus) destined for slaughter and export

Soroprevalência de Toxoplasma gondii em equídeos do Nordeste do Brasil

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

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