Epidemiological Analysis of Site Relationships of Synchronous and Metachronous Multiple Primary Cancers in the National Cancer Center, Japan, 1962-1996

Abstract

Background: Multiple primary cancer (MPC) has been recognized as a problem commonly encountered in routine medical practice. A study of MPC is necessary not only to provide insights into the etiology of cancer, but also to provide information for effective medical care by clinical oncologists. Methods: A cohort of 49751 cancer patients who were admitted to the National Cancer Center Hospital between 1962 and 1996 was used to study the site relationship of MPC. Logistic and Poisson regression analyses using an internal reference group within the cohort were applied for the calculation of the prevalence odds ratio (POR) for site relationships of synchronous MPC and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for those of metachronous MPC. Results: Three site combinations with elevated risks for both synchronous and metachronous MPCs, eight with elevated risk for synchronous MPC, five with elevated risk for metachronous MPC and six with decreased risk for synchronous MPC were identified with statistical significance. Among them, the increased risk of metachronous stomach cancer following lymphoma and myeoloma (POR = 1.0 and 1.1, P> 0.05; IRR = 2.5, P < 0.05) and the inverse site-correlation of synchronous MPC between [trachea, bronchus and lung] and other sites of the upper aerodigestive tract [lip, oral cavity and pharynx] (POR = 0.5 and 0.3, P < 0.05) and esophagus (POR =0.7 and 0.3, P < 0.05) have not been reported previously. Conclusions:Our results suggest that interventions for lymphoma and myeloma might affect the development of subsequent stomach cancer and additional etiological factors other than tobacco smoking are associated with the development of cancer in the upper aerodigestive tract.

Incidence of Second Primary Cancer in Transplanted Patients

“…Among the 7,636 patients included in the present cohort, 0.3% of the subjects developed a SPC; when considering only the transplanted individuals who developed a first cancer (nϭ499) 4.0% of them were diagnosed with a SPC. This figure is comparable to what has been previously published, where the percentage of SPC ranges from 1 to 5% (1,2,5,6,17). However, such previous studies were restricted to subjects with a specific type of first cancer, while the present study has a cohort design, thus allowing calculation of the overall incidence of a SPC.…”

Synchronous nasopharyngeal carcinoma and cardia adenocarcinoma accompanied with suspected dermatomyositis: A case report and literature review

“…In a Japanese large-scale survey, approximately 4.2% of patients were diagnosed with synchronous multiple primary cancers upon initial admission to the hospital (2). Analysis of the etiology of multiple primary cancers is important for understanding a number of factors, including genetic susceptibility and common exposure status (exposure to an agent carcinogenic to both sites) and may prove valuable in tumor prevention and treatment.…”

Simultaneous Presentation of Waldenstr^|^ouml;m Macroglobulinemia and Multiple Myeloma: Multidisciplinary Diagnosis, Treatment and 30-Month Follow-up

“…26 A similar study carried out in Japan between 1962 and 1996 did not show any significant incidence of association of MM and lymphoma, either synchronous or metachronous. 27 Thus, the detection of non-Hodgkin lymphoma at the time of diagnosis of MM should be considered an infrequent event and represents an interesting biological phenomenon.…”