Epidemiological Aspects in the Leptospira spp. and Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Horses from Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

Coiro, C. J.; Langoni, Hélio; Silva, Rodrigo da

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2012.02.008

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Chi-square testing showed that there was a significant difference (p = 5.4444 x 10 -5 ) between the proportion of males and females that were MAT reactive. Results from this study contrast with the findings of Coiro et al (2012), who found no significant difference in Leptospira exposure between male and female horses. Langoni et al (2004), however, found a significant difference between the sexes, with 379 of 617 (61.43%) females positive and 32 of 71 (45.17%) males positive.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Aglutininas anti- Leptospira spp. em equídeos da região sul do Brasil abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in serum samples of horses slaughtered in an abattoir, under the Brazilian federal food inspection service, in the southern region of Brazil. We tested 767 blood samples from adult horses slaughtered from April to May, 2013. The animals came from 45 municipalities in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Paraná. For the diagnosis we used the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The results showed that 687 horses reacted to at least one of the 24 serovars of Leptospira spp., with titer equal to or greater than 100, representing 89.57% (95% CI: 87.41%-91.73%). The most likely serovars were Patoc (9.91%), Butembo (9.13%), Australis (7.82%), and Bratislava (5.87%). There was no significant difference (p = 0.2795) in the number of positive animals by state. The proportion of MAT-positive males and females differed significantly (p = 5.4444 x 10 -5 ) since 85.26% (95% CI: 82.82%-88.70%) of the males and 94.44 (95% CI: 92.07%-96.81%) of the females were reactive. The results of this study demonstrate a high rate exposure to several serovars of Leptospira in slaughtered horses. For the protection of animal, public, and occupational health, we suggest attention to infections in this host in order to reduce the risk of leptospirosis. Key words: Horses. Immunoglobulins. Leptospirosis. Microscopic agglutination. Slaughterhouse. ResumoObjetivou-se investigar a presença de imunoglobulinas anti-Leptospira spp. em amostras de soros sanguíneos de equídeos abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico, sob Serviço de Ins peção Federal, localizado na região Sul do Brasil. Utilizaram-se 767 amostras de sangue de equídeos adultos, abatidos no período de abril a maio de 2013. Os animais foram provenientes de 45 municípios dos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná. Para o diagnóstico foi utilizado o teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM). Foram observados 687 equídeos sororreagentes a pelo menos uma das 24 sorovariedades utilizadas de Leptospira spp. com título igual ou superior a 100, representando 89,57% (IC 95%: 87,41% -91,73%). As sorovariedades mais prováveis foram Patoc (9,91%), Butembo (9,13%), Australis (7,82%), Bratislava (5,87%). Não houve diferença significativa (p = 0,2795) entre as proporções de reagentes a

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Aglutininas anti- Leptospira spp. em equídeos da região sul do Brasil abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico

et al. 2016

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“…A cutoff point of 1:64 was used in this study, which ensures greater specificity and decreases the possibility of cross-reactions with other Apicomplexa, such as Hammondia hammondi (MENDONÇA et al, 2001;COIRO et al, 2012 Different methods of diagnosis and cut-offs are used around the world, making it difficult to compare the results of similar reports. Camossi et al (2010), using IFA and MAT, at a cut-off of 1:16 for both approaches, observed statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates depending on the approach used ranging from 5.9% for IFA to 12.6%for MAT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in horses from the coastal and mountain mesoregions of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

et al. 2016

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Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Among domestic species, the horse is one of those most resistant to T. gondii infection; however, upon acute infection, horses may present hyperirritability, poor motor coordination, ocular disorders, and abortion. Herein, we investigated the presence of antibodies against T. gondii, in order to identify possible risk factors for infection in horses and to establish the correlation of T. gondii infection with reproductive and/ or neurological disorders. We collected 615 blood samples from animals in the mountain mesoregion (n=311) and the coastal mesoregion (n=304) of Santa Catarina state. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to identify possible risk factors. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected by immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA≥1:64) using RH strain tachyzoites of the protozoan as antigen. Correlation (P<0.05) between seropositivity and race, sex, age, diet, contact with other animals, reproductive and/or neurological disorders, and origin were assessed. The overall incidence of seropositivity was 10.4% (64/615), and in the mountain and coastal regions, 10.3% and 10.5%, respectively. The reciprocal of the titles observed was: 1:64 (36), 1:256 (26) and 1:1024 (two). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between regions, and there was no correlation between seropositivity and the variables analyzed. Key words: Horse, immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA), Santa Catarina, Toxoplasma gondii ResumoA toxoplasmose é uma zoonose parasitária, causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii. Os equinos estão entre as espécies domésticas mais resistentes à infecção, porém, em infecções agudas, podem apresentar sintomas como hiperirritabilidade, incoordenação motora, distúrbios oculares e aborto. Com os objetivos de determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra T. gondii, identificar possíveis fatores de risco para a infecção em cavalos e a correlação da infecção toxoplásmica com distúrbios reprodutivos e/ou neurológicos, em animais de duas mesorregiões do estado de Santa Catarina (Serrana e Litorânea), 615 amostras de sangue (311 provenientes da região serrana e 304 do litoral) foram colhidas. Um questionário epidemiológico foi aplicado para a identificação de possíveis fatores de risco. A pesquisa de anticorpos foi realizada por meio da Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI ≥1:64) utilizando como antígeno taquizoítos da cepa RH do protozoário. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes exato de Fischer e do χ2 para verificar correlação (P<0,05) entre soropositividade e as variáveis analisadas (Raça; Sexo; Idade; Dieta Principal; Contato com outros animais; Desordens reprodutivas e/ou neurológicas e

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“…Studies conducted in different parts of the world have reported a prevalence of Leptospira in horses ranging from 12.8% to 79% (Park et al 1992, Barwick et al 1998, Rocha et al 2004, Odontsetseg et al 2005, Jung et al 2010, Houwers et al 2011. Within the same region or countries, variations of the prevalence have been also reported like in Brazil (Coiro et al 2012, de Oliveira Filho et al 2014, USA (Sillerud et al 1987, Donahue et al 1995, Barwick et al 1998, Donahue and Williams. 2000 and Australia (Swart et al 1982, Dickeson and Love.…”

Section: Apparent Prevalence Of Leptospira Serovars In Three Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1999); (Faber et al 2000); (Donahue and Williams. 2000) Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae Europe (Donahue et al 1995); (Dwyer et al 1995); (Wollanke et al 2001) Bratislava, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Sejroe Sweden (Baverud et al 2009) Bratislava Mongolia (Odontsetseg et al 2005) Icterohaemorrhagiae, Copenhageni, Bratislava Brazil (Hashimoto et al 2007); (Braga et al 2011); (Coiro et al 2012); (Hamond et al 2012); (Pinna et al 2012); (Hamond et al 2013); (Pinna et al 2014) Icterohaemorrhagiae, Bratislava, Pomona Italy (Ebani et al 2012) Sejroe, Bratislava Korea (Jung et al 2010) Copenhageni, Bratislava Netherlands (Houwers et al 2011) Bratislava, Pomona Icterohaemorrhagiae Croatia Grippotyphosa, Sejroe Nothern Poland (Arent and KedzierskaMieszkowska. 2013) Copenhageni South-eastern Australia (Dickeson and Love.…”

Section: Common Serovars Affecting Horses and Their Geographical Locamentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

Simbizi

Saulez²,

Potts

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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between potential risk factors and both seropositive horses to the predominant serovar Bratislava and to Leptospira spp were statistically evaluated using univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression models.Adult horses admitted to each equine hospital and horses seen on ambulatory service for various purposes were included in the study. Severely-ill, chronically infected, and horses with underlying immunosuppressive conditions were excluded from sampling, to control for potential bias.A total of 663 horse sera were collected and tested against a panel of 24 leptospiral serovars using the microscopic agglutination test. The most predominant serovars in Gauteng were The apparent prevalence to one or more serovars of Leptospira spp at a serum dilution of 1:100 in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape Provinces was 49%; 37% and 32% respectively. The true prevalence was calculated for each province taking into account the clustering effect during the sampling and was found to be between 24-74% in Gauteng; 26-39% in the Western Cape and 20-54% in KwaZulu-Natal.iv Nooitgedacht (South African horse breed) horses were found to be at greater risk of being seropositive to both serovar Bratislava (OR=5.08) and Leptospira spp (OR=6.3). Similarly, horses residing on properties with forestry in the vicinity were found to be at greater risk of being seropositive to both serovar Bratislava (OR=9.3) and Leptospira spp (OR=5.2). This study has shown that a high proportion of horses in South Africa are exposed to a wide range of serovars, inferring a complex epidemiology. It also describes for the first time new serovars of Leptospira in South African horses that have not previously been reported.v

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Epidemiological Aspects in the Leptospira spp. and Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Horses from Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Aglutininas anti- Leptospira spp. em equídeos da região sul do Brasil abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico

Aglutininas anti- Leptospira spp. em equídeos da região sul do Brasil abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico

Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in horses from the coastal and mountain mesoregions of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

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