Epidemiological Characterization of Drug Resistance amongMycobacterium tuberculosisIsolated from Patients in Northeast of Iran during 2012-2013

Abstract

Introduction. Tuberculosis is still one of the most important health problems in developing countries and increasing drug resistance is the main concern for its treatment. This study was designed to characterize the drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis in northeast of Iran. Method. In this cross-sectional study during 2012-2013, drug susceptibility testing was performed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in northeast of Iran using proportional method. Epidemiological data concerning these strains were also analyzed. Results. Among 125 studied isolates, 25 mycobacteria (20%) were diagnosed as nontuberculosis mycobacteria. Among the remaining 100 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, the resistance rates were 7%, 7%, 3%, and 9% against isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin, respectively. Four isolates were resistant against both isoniazid and rifampin (MDR tuberculosis). The highest resistance rate was observed among 15–45-year-old patients. The MDR tuberculosis was much more prevalent among those who had previous history of treatment. Conclusion. Considering these findings, DOTS strategy should be emphasized and promptly used in order to prevent further resistance. Regarding the high rate of nontuberculosis mycobacteria, it is recommended that confirmatory tests were performed before any therapeutic decision.

Molecular Detection of Isoniazid and Rifampin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Lorestan Province, Iran from 2014 to 2017

“…Shamaei et al found 10 (2.8%) MTB isolates re-sistant to RIF + INH (29). In 2015, Tavanaee Sani et al reported 51 of 1,251 patients with MDR from Shariati Hospital, Mashhad, Iran(30). In this study, the frequency of MTB was similar to other Iranian studies with 3.8% frequency.…”

Detection of embB Gene Mutations in EMB-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates From Isfahan Province by PCR-SSCP and Direct Sequencing

“…Our results are similar to those of Asgarzade et al (19) and Namaei et al (20), but are not in agreement with those of Bahrami et al (21) and Xin Shen et al (22). The findings of the survey by Tavanaee et al (23) suggest that only 3% of the patients are EMB resistant in the east of Iran. The prevalence in our work is significantly lower than that reported in Latvia, Thailand, Mozambique, and Uganda by WHO (3) and the study by Plinke et al (24) that obtained a resistant rate of 63.5%.…”

First-Line Anti-Tubercular Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in IRAN: A Systematic Review

“…Most studies were conducted in Tehran ( n = 25; Bahrmand et al, 2000 ; Mohammadi et al, 2002 ; Seyed-Davood Mansoori et al, 2003 ; Masjedi et al, 2006 ; Mirsaeidi et al, 2007 ; Mohammadzadeh et al, 2007 ; Farnia et al, 2008a , b ; Shamaei et al, 2009 ; Dinmohammadi et al, 2010 ; Merza et al, 2011 ; Ostadzadeh et al, 2011 ; Sheikholslami et al, 2011 ; Taghavi et al, 2011 ; Tasbiti et al, 2011 ; Derakhshani Nezhad et al, 2012 ; Marjani et al, 2012 ; Mohammadi, 2012 ; Tahmasebi et al, 2012 ; Bahrami et al, 2013 ; Ali et al, 2014 ; Nasiri et al, 2014 ; Sheikh Ghomi et al, 2014 ; Varahram et al, 2014 ; Velayati et al, 2014 ) and Tabriz ( n = 8; Hassan Heidarnejad and Nagili, 2001 ; Moadab and Rafi, 2006 ; Varshochi et al, 2006 ; Asgharzadeh et al, 2007 , 2014 ; Rafi et al, 2009 ; Roshdi and Moadab, 2009 ; Zamanlou et al, 2009 ). Other studies were performed in Khorasan ( n = 3; Namaei et al, 2006 ; Velayati et al, 2014 ; Sani et al, 2015 ), Ardebil ( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Isfahan ( n = 3; Moniri, 2001 ; Nasiri et al, 2014 ; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Mazandaran ( n = 3; Pourhajibagher et al, 2012 ; Babamahmoodi et al, 2014 ; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Gilan ( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Hamadan ( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Kerman( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Kurdistan( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Yazd ( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Qazvin ( n = 1; Velayati et al, 2014 ), Kermanshah ( n = 4; Izadi et al, 2011 ; Nasiri et al, 2014 ; Velayati et a...…”