Epidemiological investigation of outbreaks of fowl adenovirus infection in commercial chickens in Korea

Abstract

In total, 39 clinical cases of fowl adenoviruses (FAdV) infection in chickens (28 broiler, 7 native, and 4 layer chickens) between 2007 and 2010 in Korea were investigated. The FAdV types 4, 8b, and 11 comprised 18, 9, and 12 clinical cases, respectively. All FAdV type 4 cases showed clinical hydropericardium (HPS) lesions as well as inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), whereas all FAdV types 8b and 11 cases exhibited IBH lesions without HPS. All 3 types were detected in broiler (9-30 d old) and layer chickens (23-112 d old), whereas most native chickens (14-65 d old) were affected only by FAdV type 4. Infectious bursal disease virus and chicken infectious anemia virus were complications in 51.3% of FAdV cases, with mortalities of 55% to <0.1%. Chicken infectious anemia virus was detected in all native chicken cases. These results indicate that preventive measures against FAdV infection and immunosuppressive diseases on poultry farms should be implemented.

Molecular epidemiology of hydropericardium syndrome outbreak-associated serotype 4 fowl adenovirus isolates in central China

“…However, since July 2015, outbreaks of HPS occurred with sudden high mortality rates in broilers in many small and middle chicken forms in central China, even the duck farms, leading to tremendous economic losses. Recent years, the frequency of HPS have also been increasing in many countries, such as India (2014) [18], Canada (2011) [19], Hungary (2013) [20], Korea (2012) [21], Japan (2012) [22], and Poland (2016) [10]. The ON1 and JSJ13 strains in local regions in China didn’t lead to severe clinical symptoms.…”

Fowl adenovirus Group I as a causal agent of inclusion body hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome (IBH/HPS) outbreak in brazilian broiler flocks

“…In the 1970s, researchers were able to reproduce the disease using isolates from infected birds presenting lesions in the lymphoid tissue (McCracken et al 1976, Grimes et al 1977. Outbreaks of IBH in which no immunosuppressive pathogens were detected have been reported in Northern Ireland, Australia, Korea and New Zealand -countries that have experienced epidemic outbreaks of IBH in the absence of IBDV (Reece et al 1986, Christensen & Saifuddin 1989, Choi et al 2012. Experiments performed by Toro and colleagues could not confirm the hypothesis that the association of CAV and FAdVs group I is necessary for the induction of IBH/HP syndrome (Toro et al 2001).…”

“…HPS was associated with the same group of viruses, and it devastated the poultry industry of Pakistan (Cowen et al 1978, Asthana et al 2013. The syndrome and its various manifestations have been reported in several countries in North and South America, Europe, Asia and Oceania, causing considerable economic losses (Mendelson et al 1995, Toro et al 1999, Ono et al 2003, Rahul et al 2005, Gomis et al 2006, Manarolla et al 2009, Mase et al 2009, Alemnesh et al 2010, Choi et al 2012. Adenoviruses belong to the family Adenoviridae.…”

A comparative pathogenicity analysis of two adenovirus strains, 1/A and 8a/E, isolated from poultry in Poland

“…Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) are widely distributed in poultry populations around the world [12,24,25] and have been isolated from sick birds as well as from birds without any clinical signs of infection [4,6,24,25]. In recent years, the number of adenovirus infections associated with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and gizzard erosion and ulceration (GEU) in poultry flocks in Poland and other European countries has increased.…”