Epidemiological Studies on Echovirus Type 18 Infection in Toyama Prefecture

Abstract

Echovirus type 18 (echo 18)

Reaction pattern of immunoglobulin M and G antibodies to echovirus 11 structural proteins

“…Differences in the antigenicity between prototype strains and the viruses isolated from infected individuals are known. This was recently described for echovirus 18 in different outbreaks in Japan (12).…”

Asymptomatic children might transmit human parechovirus type 3 to neonates and young infants

“…This may also be the case for HPeV3, as it is closely related to enteroviruses, and most children develop HPeV3 infection during infancy and become seropositive during childhood [11]. Analysis of stool or throat-swab samples confirmed asymptomatic infection for viruses such as enterovirus 71, [21] echovirus 18, [22] the caliciviruses (norovirus and sapovirus), [23] and 2009H1N1 influenza virus [24]. Interestingly, asymptomatic infection with enterovirus 71 was reported in household members of patients [21].…”

Characterization of an Echovirus Type 30 Variant Isolated from Patients with Aseptic Meningitis

“…The Fukui 609/83 strain isolated in our laboratory was found to be an antigenic variant of this virus. Similar antigenic heterogeniety has been observed in several other enteroviruses (15,22). It is generally stated that a prime strain is one that is poorly neutralized by antiserum prepared against the prototype strain but induces the production of antibody that neutralizes prime and prototype strains equally well.…”