Épidémiologie des bactéries multi-résistantes dans une unité néonatale tunisienne

Kooli, I.; Kadri, Y.; Abdallah, H. Ben; Mhalla, S.; Haddad, Ons; Noomen, S.; Mastouri, Maha

doi:10.1016/j.jpp.2014.06.001

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Health management of enteropathogenic diseases is achieved through the use of antibiotics, but their inadequate and often anarchic use has resulted in bacterial resistance (24,36). Indeed, recent data from the bibliography abound with descriptions of bacteria that are multiresistant or even toto-resistant to antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diarrheal diseases are also the cause of 550 million patients each year, including 220 million children under 5 years of age (37). Salmonella, shigella and klebsielles are amongst others epidemiologically active enterobacteria involved in serious infectious diseases.Health management of enteropathogenic diseases is achieved through the use of antibiotics, but their inadequate and often anarchic use has resulted in bacterial resistance (24,36). Indeed, recent data from the bibliography abound with descriptions of bacteria that are multiresistant or even toto-resistant to antibiotics.…”

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Exploration of the antibacterial and chemical potential of some Beninese pharmacopoiea traditional plants

et al. 2018

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SummaryObjectives. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and chemical properties of some medicinal plants used in the fight against enteropathogens in Benin.Methods. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Senna siamea, Uvaria chamae, Lantana camara and Phyllantus amarus were tested on 10 bacterial strains. Well diffusion technique, coupled with the microdilution determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (CMB) was used for antibacterial testing. The larval cytotoxicity was evaluated by using Artemia salina crustacean larvae. flavonoids and polyphenols were also assayed by the method using aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) and the method using the folin-Ciocalteu reagent, respectively.Results. The results of the study revealed that extracts had an effective antibacterial activity at 100 mg/mL, with MIC between 100 and 25 mg/mL and CMB between 100 and 50 mg/mL. The inhibition diameters of the extracts varied between 7.5 and 21 mm. The ethanolic extract of Phyllantus amarus leaves showed the best antibacterial activity. None of the extracts tested was found to be cytotoxic at the dose of 20 mg/mL. The aqueous Uvaria chamae root extract has the highest polyphenol content (231.896552±0.27586207 in μg EAG/100 mg extract), whereas the aqueous leaf extract of Uvaria chamae is the richest in flavonoids (41.061082 0.43180737 in μg ER/100 mg of extract).Conclusions. These interesting results can be used in the development of improved traditional medicines against enteropathogens. IntroductionInfections caused by enteropathogens are serious forms of infectious pathology. They are a major public health problem that causes millions of deaths a year. This is the case, for example, of foodborne illnesses, causing 17 million deaths a year worldwide, more than half of which come from the African continent (37). Diarrheal diseases are also the cause of 550 million patients each year, including 220 million children under 5 years of age (37). Salmonella, shigella and klebsielles are amongst others epidemiologically active enterobacteria involved in serious infectious diseases.Health management of enteropathogenic diseases is achieved through the use of antibiotics, but their inadequate and often anarchic use has resulted in bacterial resistance (24,36). Indeed, recent data from the bibliography abound with descriptions of bacteria that are multiresistant or even toto-resistant to antibiotics. The number of these bacteria is increasing in both industrialized and developing countries (32). This development of microbial resistance to antibiotics has led researchers to carry out alternative investigations to identify other effective natural remedies against various pathologies in the plant kingdom (18). It has therefore proved essential to look for new antibacterial substances that are effective and have a broad spectrum of action. One of the effective strategies for this research is to explore plants used in traditional Correspondence: Victorien T. Dougnon, Lecturer-Researcher in Microb...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

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Exploration of the antibacterial and chemical potential of some Beninese pharmacopoiea traditional plants

et al. 2018

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“…The overall MDR prevalence rate of 44% (34/77) was obtained for the isolates in our study. Lower prevalence rate was reported in Tunisia by Kooli et al, (27) but a higher rate of 68% was reported by Metwally et al, (28). ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales constituted the majority of the MDR bacteria (61.8%.…”

Section: Antibiotic Profile Of Selected Mdr Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 74%

Profile of multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder (NHZ), Niger Republic in 2021

Abdoulaye¹,

Bacha²,

Aghali³

et al. 2022

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Background: Today, bacterial resistance is a public health challenge throughout the world, and infections caused by resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and health care costs. The objective of this descriptive study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical bacteria isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder, Niger Republic in 2021.Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of in- and out-patients from whose clinical samples’ bacteria were isolated at the bacteriology unit of the laboratory. Bacteria were isolated from the clinical samples following standard aerobic cultures and identified using conventional biochemical test schemes. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was performed by the agar disk diffusion technique, and categorization of the isolates into sensitive, intermediate or resistant was done according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM) 2020 version 1.2. MDR was defined as resistance to at least one antibiotic in three or more categories, while selected MDR bacteria such as ESBL was identified using double disk synergy test, and MRSA by cefoxitin disk diffusion test.Results: Seventy-seven (6.7%) bacterial species were isolated from 1153 clinical samples processed at the bacteriology unit of the hospital laboratory between June and December 2021, of which 65.0% (50/77) were members of the order Enterobacteriales. Escherichia coli represented 40.3% (40/77) of the isolated bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus 13.0% (10/77) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11.7% (9/77). The overall prevalence of MDR was 44.2% (34/77), including 61.8% (21/34) ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales (ESBL-E), 26.5% (9/34) multi-resistant P. aeruginosa and 11.7% (4/34) MRSA, with 67.6% (23/34) of the MDR isolates from outpatients. Resistance rates of the Enterobacteriales to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin and imipenem were 62.0%, 52.0%, 38.0% and 8.0% respectively. Resistance rates of P. aeruginosa were 100.0%, 88.9%, 77.8%, 33.3%, 22.2%, and 22.2% respectively to ceftazidime, ticarcillin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and amikacin. Resistance rates of S. aureus were 100.0%, 50.0%, 40.0%, 10.0%, 0% and 0% to penicillin G, erythromycin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, fusidic acid, and chloramphenicol respectively. ESBL-E were 47.6%, 85.7% and 0% resistant to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and imipenem, and MRSA resistance rates were 75.0%, 75.0%, 50.0% and 0% to erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol respectively.Conclusion: This study reports high prevalence of MDR bacteria, mainly ESBL-E, with concerning high resistance to carbapenem. Rational use of antibiotics and implementation of surveillance system for MDR bacteria must be implemented in order to limit the emergence and spread of MDR bacteria in Niger Republic. Contexte: Aujourd'hui, la résistance bactérienne est un défi de santé publique dans le monde entier, et les infections causées par des bactéries résistantes sont associées à une augmentation de la morbidité, de la mortalité et des coûts des soins de santé. L'objectif de cette étude descriptive est de déterminer la prévalence et la distribution des isolats cliniques de bactéries multirésistantes (MDR) à l'Hôpital National de Zinder,République du Niger en 2021.Méthodologie: Nous avons mené une étude transversale descriptive des patients hospitalisés et ambulatoires dont les bactéries des échantillons cliniques ont été isolées à l'unité de bactériologie du laboratoire. Les bactéries ont été isolées des échantillons cliniques à la suite de cultures aérobies standard et identifiées à l'aide de schémas de tests biochimiques conventionnels. Les antibiogrammes (AST) ont été réalisés par la technique de diffusion sur disque de gélose, et la catégorisation des isolats en sensibles, intermédiaires ou résistants a été faite selon les recommanda- tions du Comité Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM) 2020 version 1.2. La MDR a été définie comme la résistance à au moins un antibiotique dans trois catégories ou plus, tandis que certaines bactéries MDR telles que les BLSE ont été identifiées à l'aide d'un test de synergie à double disque et le SARM par le test de diffusion sur disque de céfoxitine.Résultats: Soixante-dix-sept (6,7%) espèces bactériennes ont été isolées à partir de 1153 échantillons cliniques traités à l'unité de bactériologie du laboratoire hospitalier entre juin et décembre 2021, dont 65,0% (50/77) appartenaient à l'ordre des Enterobacteriales. Escherichia coli représentait 40,3% (40/77) des bactéries isolées, Staphylococcus aureus 13,0% (10/77) et Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11,7% (9/77). La prévalence globale des MDR était de 44,2% (34/77), dont 61,8% (21/34) d'Enterobacteriales productrices de BLSE (BLSE-E), 26,5% (9/34) de P. aeruginosa multirésistantes et 11,7% (4/34) SARM, avec 67,6% (23/34) des isolats de MDR provenant de patients externes. Les taux de résistance des Enterobacteriales à la ciprofloxacine, à la gentamicine, à l'amikacine et à l'imipénème étaient respectivement de 62,0%, 52,0%, 38,0% et 8,0%. Les taux de résistance de P. aeruginosa étaient respectivement de 100,0%, 88,9%, 77,8%,33,3%, 22,2% et 22,2% à la ceftazidime, à la ticarcilline, à l'imipénème, à la ciprofloxacine, à la lévofloxacine et à l'amikacine. Les taux de résistance de S. aureus étaient respectivement de 100,0%, 50,0%, 40,0%, 10,0%, 0% et 0% à la pénicilline G, à l'érythromycine, à la céfoxitine, à la tétracycline, à l'acide fusidique et au chloramphénicol. Les BLSE-E étaient de 47,6%, 85,7% et 0% de résistance à l'amikacine, à la ciprofloxacine et à l'imipénème, et les taux de résistance au SARM étaient respectivement de 75,0%, 75,0%, 50,0% et 0% à l'érythromycine, la tétracycline, la gentamicine et le chloramphénicol. Conclusion: Cette étude rapporte une prévalence élevée de bactéries MDR, principalement des BLSE-E, avec une résistance élevée aux carbapénèmes. L'utilisation rationnelle des antibiotiques et la mise en place d'un système de surveillance des bactéries MDR doivent être mises en oeuvre afin de limiter l'émergence et la propagation des bactéries MDR en République du Niger.

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“…Several works have, in addition, shown that the main correlative risk factors for the emergence of MDRs in newborns have been low birth weight, gestational age, long hospital stay associated with prematurity and cumulative antibiotic exposure, among others [14][15][16]. At the phenotypic level, the most described MDRs, remain multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, carbapenem-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), E-EBLS, MRSA, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii [17][18][19][20]. In our study, 71.9% of the isolated enterobacteriaceae were ESBL producers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-resistant Bacteria to Antibiotics in Hospitals: The Case of Neonatology Services of the University Hospitals Centers of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

Arlette,

Valérie,

Bertin

et al. 2023

SAJRM

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Background: Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) represent a global health scourge. Their emergence in hospital services complicates the clinical management of infections caused in particular in immunocompromised persons. The objective of our work was to evaluate the prevalence of MDR in the neonatal services of the University Hospitals Centers of Abidjan. Materials and Methods: The present study took place from September to November 2020 and from January to June 2021. The samples collected consisted of venous blood samples for blood cultures, rectal swabs from newborns, nasal and hand swabs from health care workers, and swabs from inert surfaces and neonatal care equipment. Bacterial identification methods, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and Chi-square testing were performed. Results: A total of 513 samples were obtained from which 215 organisms were isolated and identified. These bacteria consisted of 52.1% Gram-negative bacilli, of which 77.7% were Enterobacteriaceae and 47.9% Gram-positive cocci. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (25.6%), coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) (24.6%), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (23.2%) were the most isolated bacteria. The overall prevalence of MDR was 73.9%. The main antibiotic resistance phenotypes described were the production of Broad Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in 71.9% of Enterobacteriaceae and methicillin resistance (Meti-R) in 75.6% of Staphylococcus. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (E-ESBL) were mainly observed in rectal carriage and Meti-R strains in blood cultures in newborns in the respective proportions of 45.6% and 56.4%. Conclusion: In our work, the results obtained showed a high prevalence of MDR in neonatal services and newborns are the most affected subjects. Improving hygiene rules and control and rationalizing the use of antibiotics are highly recommended control strategies to reduce the hospital dissemination of MDR.

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Épidémiologie des bactéries multi-résistantes dans une unité néonatale tunisienne

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Exploration of the antibacterial and chemical potential of some Beninese pharmacopoiea traditional plants

Exploration of the antibacterial and chemical potential of some Beninese pharmacopoiea traditional plants

Profile of multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder (NHZ), Niger Republic in 2021

Multi-resistant Bacteria to Antibiotics in Hospitals: The Case of Neonatology Services of the University Hospitals Centers of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

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