Epidemiology and clinical features of acute hepatitis B in Japan -Analysis with an emphasis on genotype A HBV-

典栄, 山田; 宏, 四柳; 優, 小板橋; 良彦, 長瀬; 千晃, 奥瀬; 清美, 安田; 通博, 鈴木; 和彦, 小池; 四郎, 飯野; 文生, 伊東

doi:10.2957/kanzo.49.553

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Since 1988, blood donated at Japanese blood centers has been screened for HBV, and HBV vaccinations have also been administered to infants born to HBV infected mothers. By contrast, most acute hepatitis B cases in contemporary Japanese society result from sexual transmission between young people [19] [20] [21]. Younger people in Japan may therefore perceive HBV infection as the responsibility of the individual and something that is acquired through immoral behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic Factors and Prejudice toward HIV and Hepatitis B/C Status in a Working-Age Population: Results from a National, Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

2014

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BackgroundIn many countries, HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected individuals may face discrimination and mistreatment from coworkers. Effective interventions to reduce workplace discrimination are therefore needed to protect these vulnerable populations. The current study investigated potential associations between sociodemographic factors and prejudice toward HIV and HBV/HCV infected colleagues within a Japanese working population.MethodsAn online anonymous, nationwide internet survey was administered to a cross-section of approximately 3,000 individuals in Japan. The survey comprised 14 questions focusing on demographics (five items), basic HIV or HBV/HCV knowledge (eight items), and potential prejudice toward HIV or HBV/HCV infected colleagues (one item). The sociodemographic characteristics evaluated were sex, age, educational level, employment status, and individual income; with multiple logistic regression used for the analysis.ResultsIn total, 3,055 individuals were recruited for the HIV related survey and 3,129 for the HBV/HCV related survey. Older age was significantly and positively associated with prejudice toward HIV infected colleagues (p<0.01) and negatively associated with prejudice toward HBV/HCV infected colleagues (p<0.01). Statistically significant associations were not observed between other sociodemographic characteristics and potential prejudice toward HIV and HBV/HCV infected coworkers.ConclusionOverall, this study suggests that age may be associated with prejudice toward HIV and HBV/HCV infected colleagues among the working age population of Japan. As such, policy makers should consider the age of participants when formulating efforts to reduce prejudice toward HIV and HBV/HCV infected workers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic Factors and Prejudice toward HIV and Hepatitis B/C Status in a Working-Age Population: Results from a National, Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

2014

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“…The number of HBV/HIV‐coinfected patients through hetero‐ or homosexual transmission has noticeably increased in the past decade. More than 90% of them were infected with HBV genotype A 5,13 . Taking the lesson learned from our failure in initial treatment, HBV genotype and HIV coinfection should be determined as soon as possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, the proportion of patients infected with genotype A was reported to drastically increase from 37.6% (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) to 73.0% (2006)(2007)(2008). 5 A previous report showed that 21 percent of HIVpositive patients who were infected with AHB became chronic HBV carriers, compare to those infected without HIV (7%). 6 Recently, it was reported that the consequence of acute HBV infection differed between HBV genotypes.…”

Section: Oinfection With Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv) Andmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…More than 90% of them were infected with HBV genotype A. 5,13 Taking the lesson learned from our failure in initial treatment, HBV genotype and HIV coinfection should be determined as soon as possible. Specifically, if male patients are infected with genotype A, examination for HIV coinfection is essential.…”

Section: N Japan the Epidemiology And Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although HBV genotypes indigenous to Japan were exclusively B and C, 3,4 HBV genotypes that cause acute hepatitis through sexual transmission are switching to genotype A in the Tokyo metropolitan area. More recently, the proportion of patients infected with genotype A was reported to drastically increase from 37.6% (1995–2005) to 73.0% (2006–2008) 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy improved persistent lamivudine‐resistant viremia in acute hepatitis B virus genotype Ae infection with coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus

Aizawa¹,

Tsubota

Fujise

et al. 2010

Hepatology Research

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A 57-year-old man developed acute hepatitis B virus (AHB), caused by HBV genotype Ae. Lamivudine (LAM) therapy was started at 8 months after the disease onset, because the infection was persistent, but not self-limited. Despite LAM therapy, the hepatitis became chronic. Further, virological breakthrough developed due to the emergence of LAM-resistant YMDD mutants at 11 months after LAM therapy. Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) was combined with LAM against breakthrough hepatitis at 28 months after LAM therapy. Sequential genetic analysis revealed that rtL217R, a mutation potentially diminishing the ADV efficacy, was detected before and after the combination therapy. During the follow-up period, the patient unexpectedly turned out coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by measuring anti-HIV-1 antibody. At that time, LAM-resistant HIV mutation, M184V, had been already detected. We switched from the combination therapy with LAM plus ADV to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which included tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. HAART drastically improved LAM-resistant viremia and breakthrough hepatitis as well as HIV viremia and CD4 counts. Even in Japan, HBV genotype and HIV coinfection should be determined early in the treatment of AHB, and early induction of nucleotide analogs should be taken into consideration, because the proportion of AHB patients with HBV genotype A and the number of patients horizontally coinfected with HBV and HIV are increasing.

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Transition and problems of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with acute and chronic infection in Japan

Matsuura¹,

Tanaka²,

Mizokami³

2008

Kanzo

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Epidemiology and clinical features of acute hepatitis B in Japan -Analysis with an emphasis on genotype A HBV-

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Sociodemographic Factors and Prejudice toward HIV and Hepatitis B/C Status in a Working-Age Population: Results from a National, Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

Sociodemographic Factors and Prejudice toward HIV and Hepatitis B/C Status in a Working-Age Population: Results from a National, Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

Highly active antiretroviral therapy improved persistent lamivudine‐resistant viremia in acute hepatitis B virus genotype Ae infection with coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus

Transition and problems of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with acute and chronic infection in Japan

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