Epidemiology and Clinicopathological Profile of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Review from Tertiary Care Referral Centre

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of all adult cancers and 85% of all kidney tumours. Incidence of RCC is lower in Asian region, particularly in India, probably due to lack of reporting. Most of the data about RCC are from Western countries; and data from India are scarce, especially regarding para-neoplastic syndromes. We sought to determine the epidemiology, clinicopathological profile and management of RCC in a tertiary care centre in Western India.This was a retrospective study that involved data analysis of records of RCC patients who presented to our institution from April 2016 to Feb-ruary 2020. Laboratory investigations, including tests for paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS), and relevant radiologic investigations were performed and treatment was offered according to the stage, patient factors and available modalities.A total 142 RCC patients were included in the study. The median age of presentation was 58 years. Most of the patients (67%) were symptom-atic, and 33% of the patients were asymptomatic, and the RCC was diagnosed incidentally. A large number of patients (56.3%) had PNS. The most common histopathologic type of RCC was clear cell carcinoma (68.8%), followed by papillary (20%) and chromophobe (8%) carcinoma. 40% of carcinomas with sarcomatoid differentiation were seen in patients under 50 years of age. Two cases of multicystic RCC were both seen in patients less than 50 years of age. 65.5% of the patients presented at Stage 1 and 2. Most surgeries (71.2%) were done in a minimally invasive manner.A significant number of patients were asymptomatic, in which RCC was detected incidentally. The age of presentation was earlier, yet the patients had a higher tumour stage. More than half of the patients had PNSs. Despite growing trend towards Western data, the significantly higher number of patients with PNSs and early age of presentation suggest inherent differences in tumour biology, possibly related to differences in genetic and environmental factors.

Deubiquitylase OTUD6B stabilizes the mutated pVHL and suppresses cell migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

“…Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the incidence of which accounts for 3% of all adult malignancies, is the most prevailing form of kidney cancer [ 34 , 35 ]. As shown, there has been some improvement in the 5‐year relative survival rates at diagnosis, however, the overall prognosis is still discouraging [ 35 ].…”

Management of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Hospital

“…The global incidence rate of mRCC varies. In India and other low-income countries such as Africa, the incidence rate of mRCC has been reported to be 2/100,000 and one female per 100,000 populations and 1/100000, respectively, much lower than Europe (16/100,000), the United States, and other western countries [13,14]. The Czech Republic has the highest incidence rates in the world (22/100,000 men and 9.9/100,000 women).…”

Exophytic Mass Around the Tip of the Nose: Unusual Presentation of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

“…The incidence of RCC is lower in Asia, especially in India, owing to a lack of reporting. Most RCC data comes from Western nations, and data from India, particularly about para-neoplastic disorders, is limited [ 6 ]. RCC recurrence after a long period is not uncommon.…”