Epidemiology and diagnosis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection

Mitchell, Hazel M.; Mégraud, Françis

doi:10.1046/j.1523-5378.7.s1.10.x

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The high anti-H. cetorum IgG levels in these dolphins is consistent with observations made in ferrets in which 100% were found to be infected with H. mustelae, with seroconversion occurring soon after weaning (26), and the correlation of positive serology and prevalence of H. pylori infection in humans, which varies from low to 90% or higher in some populations (19). Serology kits used for screening humans for H. pylori infection have reported a median sensitivity and specificity of 92 and 83%, respectively (22).…”

Section: Fig 3 (A)supporting

confidence: 89%

Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques forHelicobacter cetorumInfection in Wild Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

et al. 2003

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Helicobacter cetorum sp. nov. has been cultured from the stomach of Atlantic white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus) and the feces of Pacific white-sided (L. obliquidens) and Atlantic bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) dolphins and a beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas). H. cetorum has high homology to Helicobacter pylori as shown by 16S rRNA sequencing, and H. cetorum infection has been associated with gastritis and clinical signs in cetaceans. Because the prevalence of H. cetorum in wild populations is unknown, minimally invasive techniques for detecting H. cetorum were compared for 20 wild bottlenose dolphins sampled as part of a long-term health study. Fecal samples were tested for helicobacter by culture, Southern blotting, and PCR using genus-specific and H. cetorum-specific primers. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to measure H. cetorum immunoglobulin G (IgG). H. cetorum was cultured from 4 of 20 fecal samples, 7 samples were positive using Helicobacter sp. PCR, and 8 samples were positive for H. cetorum using speciesspecific primers. Two additional fecal samples were positive by Helicobacter sp. Southern blotting, suggesting infection with another helicobacter. All 20 sera contained high levels of IgG antibodies to H. cetorum that were significantly lowered by preabsorption of the sera with whole-cell suspensions of H. cetorum (P < 0.02). Until the specificity of the serum ELISA can be determined by testing sera from dolphins confirmed to be uninfected, PCR and Southern blot screenings of feces are the most sensitive techniques for detection of H. cetorum, and results indicate there is at least a 50% prevalence of H. cetorum infection in these dolphins.

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Section: Fig 3 (A)supporting

confidence: 89%

Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques forHelicobacter cetorumInfection in Wild Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

et al. 2003

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“…High rates of H. pylori infection are common in developing countries (80-90%; refs. [30][31][32] and are usually associated with low socioeconomic status (33). We suggest that the socioeconomic status is one factor associated with the low prevalence of H. pylori infection in this study because the majority of the patients were of medium to high socioeconomic status (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Serum Pepsinogen Levels,Helicobacter pyloriCagA Status, and Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Gastric Premalignant Lesions in Costa Rica

Con¹,

Con-Wong²,

Con-Chin³

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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The detection of gastric premalignant lesions, atrophic gastritis, corpus atrophic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia, using several potential markers was examined in Costa Rica. Depending on the lesion investigated, from a total of 223 dyspeptic patients, 58 (26.0%), 31 (13.9%), or 23 (10.3%) were histologically diagnosed with atrophic gastritis, corpus atrophic gastritis, or intestinal metaplasia, respectively. Sera were used for the measurement of pepsinogen (PG) and Helicobacter pylori CagA antibody (CagA-ab) levels by ELISA, and human genomic DNAs were used for the genotyping of interleukin (IL)-1B (À511 and +3954), IL-10 (À1082 and À592), and IL-1RN intron 2 by PCR and RFLP. Multivariate analysis was done adjusting for sex, age, and H. pylori seropositivity. Low PG levels (L-PG; PG I V70 Mg/L + PG I/II V3), very low PG levels (VL-PG; PG I V30 Mg/L + PG I/II V2), and CagA-ab were individually associated with all premalignant lesions whereas IL-1B +3954T-carrier and IL-1RN homozygous 2 allele were associated with intestinal metaplasia. VL-PG, for corpus atrophic gastritis detection, was the single marker with the highest combination of test characteristics, sensitivity (77.4%), specificity (80.7%), positive predictive value (39.3%), negative predictive value (95.7%), and seropositivity rate (27.4%), expected to improve after periodic measurements. Combined examinations of VL-PG and CagA-ab improved the specificity (92.7%) and positive predictive value (62.2%), with similar sensitivity (74.2%) and negative predictive value (95.7%). In conclusion, corpus atrophic gastritis detection with periodic measurements of serum PG, alone or in combination with CagA-ab status, to identify high gastric cancer risk, seems to be the method best suited for mass screening in Costa Rica. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(12):2631 -6)

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“…In some cases, endoscopy is too costly to be used as a routine diagnostic test for gastric patients. In addition, sampling error may occur and cause false-negative results (Mitchell and Megraud 2002) that can lead to inaccurate diagnosis. Bacterial culture is one of the options for detecting the presence of H. pylori.…”

Section: Invasive Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers and diagnostic tools for detection of Helicobacter pylori

Khalilpour

Kazemzadeh-Narbat

Tamayol

et al. 2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Helicobacter pylori is responsible for worldwide chronic bacterial infection in humans affecting approximately half of the world's population. H. pylori is associated with significant morbidity and mortality including gastric cancer. The infection has both direct and indirect impacts on economic and overall well-being of patients; hence, there is a great need for diagnostic markers that could be used in the development of diagnostic kits. Here, we briefly review general aspects of H. pylori infection and the diagnostic biomarkers used in laboratory tests today with a focus on the potential role of microfluidic systems in future immunodiagnosis platforms.

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Epidemiology and diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

Cited by 63 publications

References 92 publications

Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques forHelicobacter cetorumInfection in Wild Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

Comparison of Diagnostic Techniques forHelicobacter cetorumInfection in Wild Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

Serum Pepsinogen Levels,Helicobacter pyloriCagA Status, and Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Gastric Premalignant Lesions in Costa Rica

Biomarkers and diagnostic tools for detection of Helicobacter pylori

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