Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Hospitalized Children With Viral Central Nervous System Infections in China, 2016 to 2020

Li, Qi; Wang, Ran; Xu, Hui; Zhang, Linlin; Fu, Yiliang; Tian, Jiao; Liu, Mengjia; Feng, Guoshuang; Chen, Xiangpeng; Xie, Zhengde

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.09.003

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…According to our previous study, adenovirus encephalitis constituted 1.3% of all childhood CNS infections. Additionally, we observed the detection of HAdV in 28% of children with identifiable pathogenic CNS infections 10 . Similar studies on adenovirus encephalitis have been conducted in other countries, with the overall reported incidence of the disease varying from 1.9% to 12% 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Additionally, we observed the detection of HAdV in 28% of children with identifiable pathogenic CNS infections. 10 Similar studies on adenovirus encephalitis have been conducted in other countries, with the overall reported incidence of the disease varying from 1.9% to 12%. 11 , 12 Although the incidence of adenoviral encephalitis varies between countries due to geographical and environmental factors, there is no denying that this disease is prevalent worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University has undertaken an initiative to collect the FSMRs of inpatient children from 27 tertiary children's hospitals, creating the Futang Update Medical Records (FUTURE) database 15 . This database has been leveraged to publish numerous studies on diverse illnesses that affect children 10,16–19 . In this particular study, the FSMR details of children admitted with adenovirus encephalitis from the FUTURE database were gathered and organized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 15 This database has been leveraged to publish numerous studies on diverse illnesses that affect children. 10 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 In this particular study, the FSMR details of children admitted with adenovirus encephalitis from the FUTURE database were gathered and organized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of adenoviral encephalitis in hospitalized children in China: A nationwide cross‐sectional study

Tian,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Pediatric Investigation

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ImportanceAdenovirus encephalitis is a significant infectious disease of the central nervous system that commonly affects children under the age of 5 and has a profound impact on the health of infants and young children throughout China. National multicenter epidemiological studies have significant public health implications.ObjectiveThis study aims to report the epidemiology of adenovirus encephalitis in hospitalized children in China, providing valuable guidance for clinicians.MethodsThe data utilized in this study were extracted from the comprehensive Futang Update Medical Records database, which comprises discharge medical records collected by 27 tertiary children's hospitals between January 2016 and December 2018 in China. Specifically, the face sheet of discharge medical records encompassed critical sociodemographic variables and basic medical care details.ResultsIn this database, a total of 544 children were hospitalized due to adenoviral encephalitis. The male‐to‐female ratio was 1.62:1, with more boys being affected across different age groups and places of residence. Of the children hospitalized, the highest number of hospitalizations occurred in the 1–3‐year age group and the number of hospitalizations decreased each year from 2016 to 2018. The disease exhibits seasonal characteristics with a pronounced peak in the summer months of June and July. While most children (58%) did not have any significant complications, one‐third of them developed respiratory complications, including pneumonia and acute bronchitis. The median length of stay for adenoviral encephalitis was 7 days, and the median cost of hospitalization was 2145.56 US dollars.InterpretationThis study highlights the prevalence of adenovirus encephalitis in hospitalized children in China. Children aged 1–3 years were found to be the main demographic hospitalized due to this condition, with boys being significantly more affected than girls. The seasonal variations of adenovirus encephalitis were also found to be significant. Fortunately, the fatality rate associated with this condition was low, and the prognosis was generally favorable.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of adenoviral encephalitis in hospitalized children in China: A nationwide cross‐sectional study

Tian,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Pediatric Investigation

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“…In recent years, CNS infections have become increasingly prevalent worldwide neurological disorders related to CNS infections are common in China (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). Despite the availability of appropriate prophylactic regimens and evidence-based antimicrobials, these infections continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality in hospitals, particularly among immunocompromised patients (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: A toxoplasmic encephalitis in an immunocompromised child detected through metagenomic next-generation sequencing

Yu,

Zhu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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There exist numerous pathogens that are capable of causing infections within the central nervous system (CNS); however, conventional detection and analysis methods prove to be challenging. Clinical diagnosis of CNS infections often depends on clinical characteristics, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, imaging, and molecular detection assays. Unfortunately, these methods can be both insensitive and time consuming, which can lead to missed diagnoses and catastrophic outcomes, especially in the case of infrequent diseases. Despite the application of appropriate prophylactic regimens and evidence-based antimicrobial agents, CNS infections continue to result in significant morbidity and mortality in hospital settings.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a novel tool that enables the identification of thousands of pathogens in a target-independent manner in a single run. The role of this innovative detection method in clinical pathogen diagnostics has matured over time. In this particular research, clinicians employed mNGS to investigate a suspected CNS infection in a child with leukemia, and unexpectedly detected Toxoplasma gondii.CaseA 3-year-old child diagnosed with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma was admitted to our hospital due to a 2-day history of fever and headache, along with 1 day of altered consciousness. Upon admission, the patient’s Glasgow Coma Scale score was 14. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple abnormal signals. Due to the patient’s atypical clinical symptoms and laboratory test results, determining the etiology and treatment plan was difficulty.Subsequently, the patient underwent next-generation sequencing examination of cerebrospinal fluid. The following day, the results indicated the presence of Toxoplasma gondii. The patient received treatment with a combination of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and azithromycin. After approximately 7 days, the patient’s symptoms significantly improved, and they were discharged from the hospital with oral medication to continue at home. A follow-up polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing after about 6 weeks revealed the absence of Toxoplasma.ConclusionThis case highlights the potential of mNGS as an effective method for detecting toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). Since mNGS can identify thousands of pathogens in a single run, it may be a promising detection method for investigating the causative pathogens of central nervous system infections with atypical features.

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Clinical epidemiology of adenovirus pneumonia among Chinese hospitalized children

Tian,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Arch Microbiol

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Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Hospitalized Children With Viral Central Nervous System Infections in China, 2016 to 2020

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of adenoviral encephalitis in hospitalized children in China: A nationwide cross‐sectional study

Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of adenoviral encephalitis in hospitalized children in China: A nationwide cross‐sectional study

Case report: A toxoplasmic encephalitis in an immunocompromised child detected through metagenomic next-generation sequencing

Clinical epidemiology of adenovirus pneumonia among Chinese hospitalized children

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