Epidemiology and risk factors for eliminations from Fédération Equestre Internationale endurance rides between 2004–2015 in Italy

Battista, Carlo Di; Conte, Marcello; Pepe, Marco; Petrizzi, Lucio; Beccati, Francesca

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104737

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Further information on the "infusion" variableespecially precise application times and individual transportation duration-were not provided by the presenters. A recent longterm evaluation showed a consistently decreasing starting age among horses since 2004 (7). The study indicated that the most reliable age for finishing is between 10 and 15, with chances of finishing increasing with every additional year of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…After the disastrous World Equestrian Games in Tryon/USA in 2018, the World Equestrian Federation (FEI) began seeking solutions to improve horse welfare as well as the public reputation of the sport (6). Elimination rates at international rides have remained consistently high over the last years ranging between 50 and 80% while the speeds of the races have increased (5,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, white blood cells (WBC) showed a progressive increase. They suspected these responses to influence the energy availability for athletic performance following a lengthy transportation of horses (7). Horses of the Padalino study showed increased heart and respiratory rates, capillar refill time and neutrophil count (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides

et al. 2021

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High elimination rates and the concern for horse welfare are important issues in endurance riding. An improved understanding of the causes of elimination could increase completion rates in this sport. We have identified pre-ride risk factors that allow an assessment of potential elimination before the ride. A longitudinal cohort study was performed among 49 healthy horses competing in the 160 km endurance ride at the 2016 World Championship of Endurance Riding in Samorin/Slovakia. Blood samples were drawn before the ride. For statistical evaluation, horses were categorized in three groups: finishers, lame and metabolically eliminated horses. Risk factors were calculated for each group using multinomial logistic regression. A 1% increase in hematocrit levels was associated with a higher OR for elimination (lameness: OR 1.26, p = 0.017; metabolic: OR 1.34, p = 0.010). Furthermore, increased potassium values correlated negatively with the race outcome. For a 1 mmol/l increase in potassium, the lameness OR was 4.21, p = 0.039 and metabolic OR was 1.15, p = 0.848. Eight-year-old horses had a 100% elimination rate and survival analyses showed a significantly higher hazard for elimination (p = 0.025). We thus conclude that age and hydration affect the outcome of elite endurance rides. Further investigation of age as a risk factor seems to be clinically relevant and adjustments of FEI qualification modes may be appropriate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides

et al. 2021

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“…During the period 2007-2018, LR were more frequent than SR, which follows the same pattern as FEI endurance 14. However, unlike endurance, where the speeds of the races were below 25 km/h [14,[18][19][20], RHU races were faster, with speed averages between 28 km/h and 32 km/h, reaching maximum speeds close to 36 km/h. In addition, horses completing RHU races were 10 to 40% less than those reported for endurance [20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Characterization of Raid Hipico Uruguayo Competencies by Ride Type: Causes of Death and Risk Factors

Brito

Damián

Suárez

et al. 2023

Animals

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RHU is the oldest endurance sport in Uruguay. However, despite 80 years of racing, there are no studies to characterize this type of competition, explore rates and causes of death, and identify the associated risk factors. The aim was to characterize the Raid Hipico Uruguayo (RHU) competencies according to the distance (short (SR, 60 km) vs. long (LR, 80–115 km)), the causes of deaths, and the associated risk factors. The study population comprised horses (n = 16,856) that participated in RHU rides from 2007 to 2018. LR were more frequent than SR (p < 0.001). The average speed of winners was higher in SR (32.12 km/h) than in LR (28.14 km/h) (p < 0.001). There were 99 fatalities (5.9 per 1000 starts). SR had greater frequency of high comfort index (CI = Temp [°F] + Humidity [%]) than LR, and LR had greater frequency of low CI than SR (p < 0.001). The percentage of inexperienced horses and those who completed the ride was greater in SR than in LR (p < 0.001). In both types of rides, more horses died during than after the ride, and inexperienced horses were more likely to suffer fatalities than horses with prior experience in the sport (p < 0.05). SR were associated with increased risk of sudden death, while LR were associated with increased risk of death due to metabolic alterations. The high fatality index shown in this work warrants urgent investigation in this sport to minimize mortality associated with RHU-specific diseases.

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“…Варто зазначити, що діагностиці та лікуванню патологій кісток та суглобів більше уваги приділяють власники спортивних тварин, оскільки ці захворювання є прямою перешкодою подальшого використання тварин у професійній сфері, на відміну від коней сільськогосподарського напряму [6]. Ветеринарні спеціалісти та власники доволі часто стикаються з широким спектром патологій кінцівок під час спортивного тренінгу та виступів на змаганнях через підвищене фізичне навантаження на опорно-руховий апарат [7][8][9].…”

Section: державний біотехнологічний університетunclassified

Analysis of the prevalence of osteoarticular pathologies in horses based on the results of radiography

Aharkova,

Sliusarenko,

Novytskyi

2023

Nauk. vìsn. vet. med.

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This article provides an overview of the literatureand recent scientific research on the spread of bone andjoint pathology among horses. Reasoned relevance andprospects of research on this issue.The article also presents the results of own research aimed at analyzing the distribution of bone andjoint diseases in horses on the territory of equestriansports clubs of Kharkiv region, Poltava region andKyiv region with the aim of finding out the frequencyof occurrence of this group of pathologies.To achievethe goal, radiography of 40 heads of horses aged 8-21years of riding breeds, which had signs of lamenessof the resisting limb, was carried out. Based on theresults of the research, differential diagnosis of boneand joint diseases was carried out. Differential diagnosis of arthrosis was presented taking into account thepathological process and its localization. According tothe obtained data, arthrosis accounted for 55% of thetotal number of studied animals, osteoporosis – 25%,periostitis – 7.5%, cystic formations and bone cracks –7.5%. Bone and joint pathology was not detected in theremaining 5%. Arthritic phenomena were localized inthe joints of the distal part of the limbs, namely: hoof,coronal, putative, carpal and hock. A case was registered when the degenerative process was concentratednot only in one joint, but also moved to the lower one.Among 55% of arthrosis, there were cases of osteoarthrosis, exfoliative osteochondritis, presence of ossification within the joint. The article also comparesown results with data obtained by foreign researchersregarding the distribution of bone and joint pathologiesin horses.In addition, the article substantiates the feasibilityof analyzing the spread of bone and joint diseases inhorses and demonstrates the effectiveness of X-ray diagnostics of these pathologies. Key words: arthrosis, periostitis, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis of the hock joint, osteochondritis dissecans, ossification.

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Epidemiology and risk factors for eliminations from Fédération Equestre Internationale endurance rides between 2004–2015 in Italy

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides

Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides

Characterization of Raid Hipico Uruguayo Competencies by Ride Type: Causes of Death and Risk Factors

Analysis of the prevalence of osteoarticular pathologies in horses based on the results of radiography

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