Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Visual Outcomes of Patients with Intraocular Foreign Bodies in Southwest China: A 10-Year Review

Abstract

Introduction: Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) are a serious subset of open-globe injury that can result in visual loss. This study analyzed the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of patients with IOFBs in Southwest China. Methods: This retrospective study comprised 1176 patients with the primary diagnosis of IOFBs who resided in Sichuan Province over a 10-year period. All data were collected from medical records and analyzed statistically. Results: The annual incidence for IOFBs was 0.14 per 100,000 (95% CI 0.12–0.16 per 100,000) people in Southwest China. In that period, IOFBs accounted for 22.3% of all open-globe injuries. Working-age male patients accounted for 79.1% of all IOFBs patients and there had significant differences in age distributions between genders(P<0.001). Metallic IOFBs was the most common (74.6%) IOFB, but there were significant differences in the materials of IOFBs between adults and children of different age groups (P<0.001). At discharge, 277 (23.6%) patients had increased visual acuity (VA) and 95 (8.0%) had no light perception. Initial visual acuity (VA) < 20/200 (OR, 5.5; P<0.001), increasing wound size (OR, 1.3; P=0.004), IOFBs in the posterior segment (OR, 2.6; P=0.002) and existing complications (traumatic cataract, endophthalmitis, retinal detachment or retinal break) were independent risk factors for final VA < 20/200. Conclusion: The incidence of IOFBs in Southwest China differed from global statistics. Adults and children had different clinical characteristics. Thus, their prevention strategies should be different.

Occult intraocular aluminium foreign body causing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a case report

“…However, its diagnosis can be easily missed in cases with an unknown history of ocular trauma and atypical ocular manifestations [ 3 ]. Common clinical manifestations are mainly due to secondary complications, such as uveitis [ 1 ], endophthalmitis [ 4 ], secondary glaucoma [ 5 ], ocular siderosis [ 6 ], and traumatic cataract [ 7 ]. Multiple signs can be present at the same time.…”

Endophthalmitis, Visual Outcomes, and Management Strategies in Eyes with Intraocular Foreign Bodies

“… 13–15 Many of these injuries were due to construction work with tools (hammering metal, machine tool failure), firearms, or explosions, consistent with other studies in different regions of the globe. 1 , 4 , 16 This highlights the need for ocular protection among the general population, especially among working-age males during high-risk activities. As a result of the mechanisms leading to these injuries, IOFBs were mainly metallic and a majority were present in the posterior segment.…”

Occult intraocular aluminum foreign body causing Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment:A case report

“…Due to its special pathogenic mechanism, it is listed separately in the classi cation of mechanical ocular trauma [2].It is easy to diagnose according to the patient's history of ocular trauma and characteristic ocular manifestations. However its diagnosis can be easily missed in cases with unknown history of ocular trauma and atypical ocular manifestations [3].Common clinical manifestations are mainly secondary ocular injuries, such as uveitis [1],endophthalmitis [4],secondary glaucoma [5],ocular siderosis[6],traumatic cataract [7] etc.Multiple signs can be present at the same time. Some scholars de ned occult intrabulbar foreign bodies as those with an unclear history of ocular foreign body injury or a history of ocular foreign body injury accompanied by ocular damage but negative imaging examination [8].…”