Epidemiology, Management, and Functional Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury in Sub-Saharan Africa

Eaton, Jessica; Hanif, Asma Bilal; Grudziak, Joanna; Charles, Anthony

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.084

Cited by 59 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Though there was no signi cant association (p > 0.05) of the age groups with GOS score, it is biologically known that the outcome of STBI is in uenced by age. However, our mean age was comparable with other studies done for example in a study done in Tanzania and Malawi with mean age 32 ± 20.1 years and 28 ± 16.3 years (7,8) The most common cause of STBI was RTA, followed by assaults and lastly falls. However, fall had higher odds of unfavorable outcome compared to assault and RTA.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Gos Scores At Dischargesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Our study found that female gender had a comparable odd of unfavorable outcome at discharge as a male gender with no level of signi cance. Though males were the most affected, and the majority being motorcyclists which is an occupation done mostly by men, therefore, making them prone to STBI hence global disability and unfavorable outcome which is similar to other studies conducted in Tanzania, Malawi and Switzerland (7,8,17).…”

Section: Factors Associated With Gos Scores At Dischargesupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In this study, the prevalence of severe traumatic head injury was high and this could have been due to the increased urbanization, limited imposed tra c laws, increased tra c volume within the country and most importantly since MRRH is the only referral center for neurosurgical conditions in Southwestern Uganda with a wide catchment area hence the high prevalence. Compared to other studies, in Tanzania and Malawi where the prevalence of STBI was slightly low at 33% (7,8) while in Switzerland, the prevalence of STBI was high at 44%(10).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Severe Traumatic Brain Injurycontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…However, some of the complications that were observed were aspiration pneumonia, surgical site wound swelling and airway compromise with most commonly observed complication being aspiration pneumonia. In other studies, the common complication was airway compromise and brain edema (8,19). The disparity in the results could be related to the geographical location and management resources.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Gos Scores At Dischargementioning

confidence: 85%

“…According to different studies done in Uganda, TBI accounted for most of the neurosurgical admissions at 87.0% and mortality rate of 13.0% (5) while the prevalence of STBI was at 9.0% (6). In Tanzania, the prevalence of STBI was higher at 33.0% (7) and in Malawi and Burkina Faso, the prevalence of STBI was 33.0% and 14.0% respectively (8,9). In developed countries, the prevalence of STBI was at 44.0% (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Prevalence and Glasgow Outcome Scale score of severe head injury in Mbarara regional referral hospital: A retrospective study

Odwar¹,

Okidi²,

Kayanga³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of death in the Intensive care units and emergency departments with an estimated annual global mortality of 1.5 million people as a result of severe TBI. The prevalence of TBI varies according to regions. Despite this, there is limited data on the outcomes of patients following severe traumatic brain injury in southwestern Uganda. Herein, we studied the prevalence and outcome of severe traumatic brain injury at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) at discharge.Methods: A retrospective chart review of all TBI over six months (August 2016 - February 2017). The primary outcome was the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score at discharge. A favorable outcome was either good recovery or moderate disability while unfavorable outcome was severe disability, persistent vegetative state or death. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the factors associated with GOS score at discharge. Data were analyzed using STATA v13.0.Results: A total of 196 hospital records of TBI patients were reviewed, 80 (40.8%) patients had severe TBI, with the average length of hospital stay at 4.3 ± 2.9 days. The mean patients' age was 35 ± 14 years with the most affected age group being 18 - 34 years (58.8%). The GOS score at discharge were; death (42.5%), persistent vegetative state (0%), severe disability (1.3%), moderate disability (3.8%) and good recovery (52.5%). Pupil size and response had a dose-response relationship with unfavorable outcome when both pupils were dilated and non-reactive to light and had a higher odd ratio (OR=6.05) and strongly associated with unfavorable outcome (p=0.011). However, surgery and seizure prophylaxis were significantly associated with favorable outcome (p=0.033), (p=0.016) and a lesser odd ratio (OR=0.29),(OR=0.31) of having unfavorable outcome respectively. Conclusion: Mbarara regional referral hospital, the prevalence of STBI is still high. Both surgery and seizure prophylaxis were associated with favorable outcome at discharge. However, unfavorable outcome was mainly seen amongst patients who develop a complication.

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Section: Factors Associated With Gos Scores At Dischargesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Factors Associated With Gos Scores At Dischargesupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Prevalence Of Severe Traumatic Brain Injurycontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Factors Associated With Gos Scores At Dischargementioning

confidence: 85%