Epidemiology of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome

Sanchís-Gomar, Fabián; Pérez-Quilis, Carme; Leischik, Roman; Lucía, Alejandro

doi:10.21037/atm.2016.06.33

Cited by 996 publications

(720 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The main cause of MI is coronary heart disease (CHD), which is responsible for nearly one-third of all deaths in the age group of above 35 years [2,3]. MI is silent in nature and may lead to fast and non-recoverable damage to the muscles of heart [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction ECG Signals Using Sample Entropy in Flexible Analytic Wavelet Transform Framework

Kumar

Pachori

Acharya

2017

Entropy

123

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Myocardial infarction (MI) is a silent condition that irreversibly damages the heart muscles. It expands rapidly and, if not treated timely, continues to damage the heart muscles. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is generally used by the clinicians to diagnose the MI patients. Manual identification of the changes introduced by MI is a time-consuming and tedious task, and there is also a possibility of misinterpretation of the changes in the ECG. Therefore, a method for automatic diagnosis of MI using ECG beat with flexible analytic wavelet transform (FAWT) method is proposed in this work. First, the segmentation of ECG signals into beats is performed. Then, FAWT is applied to each ECG beat, which decomposes them into subband signals. Sample entropy (SEnt) is computed from these subband signals and fed to the random forest (RF), J48 decision tree, back propagation neural network (BPNN), and least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) classifiers to choose the highest performing one. We have achieved highest classification accuracy of 99.31% using LS-SVM classifier. We have also incorporated Wilcoxon and Bhattacharya ranking methods and observed no improvement in the performance. The proposed automated method can be installed in the intensive care units (ICUs) of hospitals to aid the clinicians in confirming their diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction ECG Signals Using Sample Entropy in Flexible Analytic Wavelet Transform Framework

Kumar

Pachori

Acharya

2017

Entropy

123

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“…Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has gradually decreased in developed countries because of therapeutic advances, CVD mortality nonetheless accounts for one‐thirds of all deaths in adults aged ≥35 years 1. One of the major risk factors for CVD is dyslipidemia, which precipitates atherosclerotic change in vessels 2.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults

Jeong

Choi

Kim

et al. 2018

JAHA

115

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BackgroundAlthough high serum cholesterol in young adults is known to be a predictor for cardiovascular events, there is not enough evidence for the association of cholesterol level change with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate whether the change in cholesterol is associated with incidence of CVD among young adults.Methods and ResultsWe examined 2 682 045 young adults (aged 20–39 years) who had undergone 2 consecutive national health check‐ups provided by Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2002 and 2005. Cholesterol levels were classified into low (<180 mg/dL), middle (180–240 mg/dL) and high (≥240 mg/dL). CVD events were defined as ≥2 days hospitalization attributable to CVD for 10 years follow‐up. Increased cholesterol levels were significantly associated with elevated ischemic heart disease risk (adjusted hazard ration [aHR]=1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.03–1.42 in low‐high group and aHR=1.21; 95% CI=1.15–1.27 in middle‐high group) and cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) risk (aHR=1.24; 95% CI=1.05–1.47 in low‐high group and aHR=1.09; 95% CI=1.02–1.16 in middle‐high group). Decreased cholesterol levels were associated with reduced ischemic heart disease risk (aHR=0.91; 95% CI=0.88–0.95 in middle‐low group, aHR=0.65; 95% CI=0.56–0.75 in high‐low group and aHR=0.68; 95% CI=0.65–0.73 in high‐middle group). Furthermore, lower cerebrovascular disease risk (aHR=0.76; 95% CI=0.62–0.92) was observed in the high‐low group compared with patients with sustained high cholesterol.ConclusionsThe findings of our study indicate that increased cholesterol levels were associated with high CVD risk in young adults. Furthermore, young adults with decreased cholesterol levels had reduced risk for CVD.

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“…The prevalence of AMI is increasing, and it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [2]. Although the rate of mortality declines with the development of treatment and management strategies for AMI [3], there is growing interest in CVD prevention and management following AMI. Likewise, the importance of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in the management and prevention of CVD has been highlighted and is being implemented in many countries [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hospital-based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Quality of Life and Physical Capacity in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients: 2 Years Follow Up

Kim¹,

Nam²,

Oh³

et al. 2018

J Clin Exp Cardiolog

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on quality of life (QOL) and physical functions in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during 2 years of followup.Methods: All AMI patients referred to the Cardiac Health and Rehabilitation Center (CHRC) were informed about CR and followed for 2 years on an outpatient basis from July 2010 to December 2015. Patients who were divided into a CR group and non-CR group. All patients took home-based self-exercise as CR programs of CHRC and in addition, the CR group received hospital-based supervised exercise training three times a week for 2 months. Both groups were evaluated for physical capacity and QOL at baseline, after 2 months of exercise training, and at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years of follow-up. Results:The CR group showed significant improvements in physical functioning (PF), physical role functioning, bodily pain, vitality (VT), social role functioning, emotional role functioning, mental health, physical component summary (PCS), and mental component summary at all-time points compared to baseline. At 1 year of follow-up, the CR group displayed significantly greater PF, general health perceptions, VT, and PCS values than the non-CR group. Regarding physical capacity, the CR group exhibited significantly lower resting heart rate and significantly greater maximal oxygen consumption and metabolic equivalents than the non-CR group at 6 months of follow-up. Conclusion:Hospital-based CR was effective in promoting QOL and early improvement in exercise capacity in patients with AMI. Further, the improvement in QOL was maintained for up to 2 years.

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Epidemiology of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome

Cited by 996 publications

References 105 publications

Automated Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction ECG Signals Using Sample Entropy in Flexible Analytic Wavelet Transform Framework

Automated Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction ECG Signals Using Sample Entropy in Flexible Analytic Wavelet Transform Framework

Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults

Effect of Hospital-based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Quality of Life and Physical Capacity in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients: 2 Years Follow Up

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