Epidemiology of Different Types of Cancers Reported in Basra, Iraq

Abood, Rafid A.; Abdahmed, Kareem A.; Mazyed, Seena S.

doi:10.18295/squmj.2020.20.03.008

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The incidence rates in Asia (30.7–53.5) ( 102 – 109 ) and African countries (0.5–33.6) ( 2 , 110 , 111 ) are appreciably lower than the rates reported in our study and worldwide. However, the rates reported from Africa should be interpreted cautiously, because it has been mentioned that the cancer registries of some African countries are likely affected by under-reporting ( 112 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Persistently high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias from 2010 to 2017 in Mexico City: A population study from the MIGICCL

Flores-Lujano

Duarte-Rodríguez

Jiménez‐Hernández

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionOver the years, the Hispanic population living in the United States has consistently shown high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias (AL). Similarly, high AL incidence was previously observed in Mexico City (MC). Here, we estimated the AL incidence rates among children under 15 years of age in MC during the period 2010–2017.MethodsThe Mexican Interinstitutional Group for the Identification of the Causes of Childhood Leukemia conducted a study gathering clinical and epidemiological information regarding children newly diagnosed with AL at public health institutions of MC. Crude age incidence rates (cAIR) were obtained. Age-standardized incidence rates worldwide (ASIRw) and by municipalities (ASIRm) were calculated by the direct and indirect methods, respectively. These were reported per million population <15 years of age; stratified by age group, sex, AL subtypes, immunophenotype and gene rearrangements.ResultsA total of 903 AL cases were registered. The ASIRw was 63.3 (cases per million) for AL, 53.1 for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 9.4 for acute myeloblastic leukemia. The highest cAIR for AL was observed in the age group between 1 and 4 years (male: 102.34 and female: 82.73). By immunophenotype, the ASIRw was 47.3 for B-cell and 3.7 for T-cell. The incidence did not show any significant trends during the study period. The ASIRm for ALL were 68.6, 66.6 and 62.8 at Iztacalco, Venustiano Carranza and Benito Juárez, respectively, whereas, other municipalities exhibited null values mainly for AML.ConclusionThe ASIRw for childhood AL in MC is among the highest reported worldwide. We observed spatial heterogeneity of rates by municipalities. The elevated AL incidence observed in Mexican children may be explained by a combination of genetic background and exposure to environmental risk factors.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Persistently high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias from 2010 to 2017 in Mexico City: A population study from the MIGICCL

Flores-Lujano

Duarte-Rodríguez

Jiménez‐Hernández

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…This may suggest that colorectal cancer patients at an early age represent a distinct subgroup and their tumors may be more aggressive compared to those of older patients [15]. The rate of colorectal cancer in this study is much higher compared to a study conducted in Basra-Iraq, where the incidence of the disease was 6.5 / 100 000 population [16]. Lifestyle and diet may play a role in this disease.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

A Comparative Study of Colorectal Cancer Based on Patient’s Age

Dhahir

Noaman

2021

JFacMedBagdad

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Abstract: Background: The alteration of bowel habits, bleeding per-rectum and anemia were common features in both groups in this study, but in young patients there was a delay of 6 months between the presenting symptoms and the definitive diagnosis because the disease was not suspected and investigated in them. The most common site for the tumors in young patients was the rectum and in patients above the age of 40 years was the Sigmoid. The pathological finding showed that classification of the colorectal tumors in young patients appear moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma , this indicate a more malignant course of the disease in young patients. This study send a message to all clinicians that the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing in young patients and therefore we should be alert when dealing with young patients presenting with abdominal pain, bleeding per-rectum and alteration of bowel habit to diagnose the disease at an early stage to undertake curative surgery . Aim of the study: To study the clinical coarse of colorectal cancer in age between (less than 40 to above 40), and the most frequent site and distribution, and the types of surgical intervention. Patients and methods: In the period between January 2012 to March 2013, 35 patients with colorectal cancer were treated at Al-Yarmouk Hospital,10 patients were below the age of 40 years ,( 5 Males and 5 Females ) with age ranging from 22-40 years , 25 patients were above the age of 40 years (12 males and13 females). Results:100% of patients less than 40 years presenting as anemia and 50% bleeding per rectum, while 88% of patients above 40 years with weakness and lethargy.30% of patients less 40years age, and 36% of patients above 40 years consider as an emergency cases, and others as elective cases. Surgical treatment involving 50% of patients less than 40 are right, left hemicolectomy and anterior resection, and in age of above 40 56% by left hemicolectomy. More common stages in young patents are C and B but in old A ,B , C. Recommendations: Researchers recommend periodic screening by a doctor to diagnose the tumor early with the need to develop educational programs on early signs of colorectal cancer.

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“…In Iraq, this disease has low incidence and mortality, according to previous studies, about 7.6% of all types of cancers are prostate cancer. 1,2 In addition, the most likely age for development is between 50 and 74 years. Furthermore, progression of the PCa related to excess androgen stimulation and treatments include surgery and/or hormones that completely block the androgenic receptor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico comparison between the mutated and wild-type androgen receptors and their influence on the selection of optimum androgenic receptor blockers for the treatment of prostate cancer

2022

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Background: Prostate cancer is a disease that occurs in men aged more than 50 years. In Iraq, 8.89 men per 100,000 population suffer from prostate cancer, with the incidence being 14,016 cases and mortality being 6,367 cases. Despite advances in treatment against prostate cancer, it can become resistant to drugs. Therefore, the aim of current study was to search and identify binding sites for the repositioning of drugs by computational methods (docking). Methods: Based on the protein structure of the wild androgen receptor, the analysis parameters (22x22x22 on the X, Y, and Z axes) were established. Results: The interactions of the natural ligands with androgen receptor were 10.0 (testosterone) and 10.8 (dihydrotestosterone) while mutated androgen receptor (T877A) had a low affinity with testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (-5.3 and -6.7, respectively). In the interactions of both receptors with the reported inhibitors (antagonists), a decrease with Bicalutamide (-8.3 and -4.3, respectively) and an increase in affinity with Flutamide and Nilutamide (-7.7 and 8.6, wild AR; -8.7 and -9.3 AR T877A) were observed. As for Enzalutamide and Apalutamide (second-generation antagonists), the change was minimal between wild androgen receptor and T877A (-7.6 and -7.7; -7.3 and -7.3, respectively). The change in the affinity of the ligands with androgen receptor and androgen receptor T877A shows how a mutation alters the bonds between these molecules. Conclusion: The identification of key sites and potent inhibitors against abnormal androgen receptor functions will enrich prostate cancer treatments.

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Epidemiology of Different Types of Cancers Reported in Basra, Iraq

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Persistently high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias from 2010 to 2017 in Mexico City: A population study from the MIGICCL

Persistently high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias from 2010 to 2017 in Mexico City: A population study from the MIGICCL

A Comparative Study of Colorectal Cancer Based on Patient’s Age

In silico comparison between the mutated and wild-type androgen receptors and their influence on the selection of optimum androgenic receptor blockers for the treatment of prostate cancer

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