Epidemiology of epilepsy

Behr, Charles; Goltzene, M.A.; Kosmalski, G.; Hirsch, Édouard; Ryvlin, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2015.11.003

Cited by 92 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Epilepsy is a prevalent and serious neurological disorder which involves the occurrence of at least one or more epileptic seizures. Worldwide, it affects not less than 50 million people (Behr et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticonvulsant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Phoenix dactylifera Fruit Extract and Pimpinella anisum Oil in Mice

El‐Nabtity¹,

Shaban²,

Moselhi³

et al. 2019

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Epilepsy is a group of long-term neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures. The present study sought to investigate the anticonvulsant and neuroprotective Activity of Hydroalcoholic Phoenix dactylifera fruit extract (HAPD) and Pimpinella Anisum Oil (PAO) against Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and Maximal Electric Shock (MES) induced a seizure in mice. Mice groups were treated with HAPD1000 mg/kg, PAO 4 ml/kg. The onset of a seizure and generalized seizure were measured, followed by Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) and antioxidant enzymes assessments. The potential of these substances to induce any neurological toxicity was also evaluated by using rotarod, forced swim test and horizontal screen test. The current study demonstrates that HAPD and PAO delay onset of the seizure and generalized seizure, also elevated GABA and antioxidant enzymes level and haven't any neurological toxicity. The current study suggests that hydroalcoholic Phoenix dactylifera extract and Pimpinella anisum oil have anticonvulsant, neuroprotective and antioxidant activity and can increase brain GABA level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticonvulsant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Phoenix dactylifera Fruit Extract and Pimpinella anisum Oil in Mice

El‐Nabtity¹,

Shaban²,

Moselhi³

et al. 2019

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…Epilepsy is a neurological disorder which affects >50 million individuals worldwide (1). Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common types of partial epilepsy in adults, in which the epileptogenic foci are generally located in the temporal lobe (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant functional connectivity of the cingulate subregions in right‑sided temporal lobe epilepsy

et al. 2020

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Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have been indicated to exhibit abnormal resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the cingulate cortex. However, it has remained elusive whether cingulate subregions show different connectivity patterns in TLE. The present study aimed to investigate the differences in rsFC of each cingulate subregion between patients with right-sided TLE (rTLE) and healthy controls (HCs), as well as their association with executive control performance in rTLE. A total of 27 patients with rTLE and 20 age-, sex-and education-matched healthy controls were recruited and all participants underwent resting-state functional MRI and an attention network test for the assessment executive control function. In each hemisphere, the cingulate gyrus (CG) was divided into CG-1 (dorsal area 23; A23d), CG-2 (rostroventral area 24; A24rv), CG-3 (pregenual area 32; A32p), CG-4 (ventral area 23; A23v), CG-5 (caudodorsal area 24; A24cd), CG-6 (caudal area 24; A23c) and CG-7 (subgenual area 32; A32sg). Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between the altered FCs of the cingulate subregions and clinical variables. In patients with rTLE, the majority of the cingulate subregions exhibited decreased rsFC; this was primarily restricted to the right CG-2, the bilateral CG-6 and the bilateral CG-7. Increased rsFC was only detected in rTLE restricted to the left CG-1. Impairments in executive control efficiency were identified in patients with rTLE in comparison with the HCs. Significant alterations in rsFC between the cingulate subregion and the brain regions were mostly decreased (and some slightly increased), suggesting that FC may potentially have a left-side advantage in patients with rTLE. FC variations of the cingulate subregions were indicated to be specific to rTLE. In addition, increased connectivity in the left CG-1 and left superior frontal gyrus were negatively correlated with executive control performance, suggesting a compensatory mechanism on executive control deficits in pathological conditions. This information on differentially altered FC patterns of the cingulate subregions may provide a deeper understanding of the complex neurological mechanisms and executive control dysfunctions underlying rTLE.

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“…It is one of the most common serious neurological disorders affecting 3.3-7.8/1000 inhabitants in the general population and 3.4-5.8/1000 in pediatric population (2). It is more common in males than females and also in older than younger (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial cells, blood brain barrier and cytokines in seizures: Implications for therapeutic modalities

Šutulović¹,

Marchini²,

Šuvakov³

et al. 2018

Medicinski podmladak

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Epilepsy is a chronic, common, neurological disorder marked by transient, paroxysmal and hypersynchronous activity of the brain neurons, behaviorally manifested as seizures. It is developed through the process of epileptogenesis which alters neuronal excitability, establishes critical interconnections and develop neuronal hyperexcitability and degeneration, as well as the neuronal network reorganization as its main mechanisms. There are a number of different mechanisms of epileptogenesis, including neuroinflammation as a recently highlighted important novel mechanism. In this review paper, our focus will be to light up the latest findings about neuroinflammation as a pathogenic factor in epileptogenesis. Neuroinflammation is characterized by the structural and functional alteration of the CNS glial cells and peripherally derived immune cells with the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction as main mechanisms. Disequilibrium in the CNS microenvironment is often followed by increased synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and chemokines. The interplay between glial alteration, BBB dysfunction, cytokines and chemokines establish a positive feedback cascade for further epileptogenesis. It is still unclear if neuroinflammation is causing epileptogenesis or whether in a consequence of that, but, there are clear findings about positive feedback between these two processes. This interconnection could be a helpful key to better target therapeutic treatment of neuroinflammation for providing beneficial effects for patients with epilepsy.

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Epidemiology of epilepsy

Cited by 92 publications

References 113 publications

Anticonvulsant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Phoenix dactylifera Fruit Extract and Pimpinella anisum Oil in Mice

Anticonvulsant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Phoenix dactylifera Fruit Extract and Pimpinella anisum Oil in Mice

Aberrant functional connectivity of the cingulate subregions in right‑sided temporal lobe epilepsy

Glial cells, blood brain barrier and cytokines in seizures: Implications for therapeutic modalities

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