Epidemiology of HBV infection and HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma in Africa: natural history and clinical outcome

Kew, Michael C.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-2824.2006.00018.x

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The difference between Durban and the other cities was not significant. It might be related to a higher proportion of black donors (10.6% versus 8.9% in Johannesburg and 1.9% in Cape Town), a population with higher HBV infection rate 8, 9…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of occult hepatitis B virus strains in south african blood donors†

et al. 2009

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T he implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) in blood donations from areas with high or low prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has resulted in the identification of a small number of infections in the preseroconversion window period (WP) 1 and a considerably larger number of blood units containing no detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) but low levels of HBV DNA associated, in most cases, with anti-HBc, suggesting an established infection. These cases were called occult HBV infection (OBI). 2 In Europe, where HBV genotypes A2 and D are prevalent, OBIs are detected in 1:2,000 to 1:20,000 donations 3,4 and are characterized by occurring in older donors (median age 51), mostly males (90%), and with normal levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Viral load is consistently below 1,000 IU/mL (median, 25 IU/mL) and, compared to the dominance of genotype A2 in HBsAg-positive infections, a significantly higher proportion of OBI genotype D is observed. The remarkably high frequency of multiple amino acid substitutions in the pre-S/S proteins (100% in the major hydrophilic region [MHR] of genotype D OBIs) affecting both humoral and cellular epitopes strongly suggested that OBIs in Europe appears, to a large extent, determined by host immune pressure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The known higher prevalence of HBV in the South African black population8, 9 and the dominance of genotype A115 was reflected in the frequency of OBIs in black donors (1:1197) who all except one carried genotype A1 (Table 2). This prevalence of OBI was higher than found in Europe3 but lower than in Ghana, West Africa 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of occult hepatitis B virus strains in south african blood donors†

et al. 2009

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“…The prevalence of HBsAg carriage is 4% -7% in Tunisia, 1.66% in Morocco, 2% -8% in Algeria and 1.3% -5.8% in Libya [7]. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection in sub-Saharan Africa is between 8% and 20%, making it a highly endemic region [8] [9]. It is estimated at between 14.9% and 16.14% in Mali [10] [11] [12], 11% in Senegal [13] and 13.5% in Chad [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus in Cirrhosis and Primary Livers Cancers

Philomène,

Oumarou,

Edwige

et al. 2023

OJGas

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Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, due to its frequency and progression to complications such as cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Objective: To help improve the management of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and Methods: This was a 34-month cross-sectional study conducted in the Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of the CHU de l'Amitié Sino-centrafricaine in Bangui. It included patients of both sexes aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of HBV-related cirrhosis and/or HCC. Results: During the study period, 1344 patients were admitted to hospital, 681 of them for chronic liver disease (51%). Among patients admitted for chronic liver disease, in particular cirrhosis and/or HCC, HBV was implicated in 288 cases (42.30%), of whom 170 (24.96%) met our inclusion criteria. These included 123 men (72.35%) and 47 women (27.65%). The sex ratio was 2.61. The mean age of our patients was 40 years (±11 years) with extremes of 18 and 76 years. Cirrhosis was observed in 101 cases (59.41%), HCC on cirrhosis in 59 cases (34.70%) and HCC in 10 cases (5.89%). Cirrhosis was classified as Child-Pugh B in 62 cases and C in 20 cases. HCC on cirrhosis was classified according to BCLC stage C in 7 cases and stage D in 52 cases. Conclusion: HBV is the leading cause of cirrhosis and HCC in the Central African Republic. Chronic liver disease is diagnosed at the advanced stage of the disease. Hence the importance of early detection, prevention through vaccination at birth, and management of infected patients.

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Epidemiology of HBV infection and HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma in Africa: natural history and clinical outcome

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Characterization of occult hepatitis B virus strains in south african blood donors†

Characterization of occult hepatitis B virus strains in south african blood donors†

Hepatitis B Virus in Cirrhosis and Primary Livers Cancers

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