Epidemiology of hip fracture in Botswana

Abstract

Summary A retrospective population-based survey in the Republic of Botswana determined the incidence of fractures at the hip over 3 years. The estimated number of such fractures nationwide for 2020 was 103 and is predicted to increase. Objective This article describes the epidemiology of hip fractures in the Republic of Botswana. Methods A retrospective patient chart review was conducted to identify from hospital registers the number of patients diagnosed with hip fracture in 2009, 2010, and 2011. Age- and sex-specific incidence of hip fracture was determined from which lifetime probabilities and future projections for hip fracture were calculated. Results The incidence of hip fracture was low and comparable to rates reported from Tunisia. The remaining lifetime risk of hip fracture at the age of 50 years in men and women was 1.4 and 1.1%, respectively. The incidence of hip fracture suggested that the estimated number of hip fractures nationwide in persons over the age of 50 years for 2020 was 103 and is predicted to increase by more than threefold to 372 in 2050. Conclusion The hip fracture rates can be used for healthcare planning. Additionally, these data can be used to create a FRAX model to help guide decisions about treatment.

Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model

“…In order to compare hip fracture probabilities with those of other regions of the world, the remaining lifetime probability of hip fracture from the age of 50 years was calculated for men and women, as described previously [ 18 ]. In the present analysis, values for Saudi Arabia were compared with those of Abu Dhabi, Botswana, China (Hong Kong), Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Singapore (Indian), South Africa (White and Black), Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the USA (Caucasian and Black), and Uzbekistan [ 19 , 20 ].…”

A country-specific FRAX model for Botswana

“…National hip fracture rates were used to populate a FRAX model for Botswana [5]. In brief, in a retrospective population-based survey, hip fractures were identified in 2009, 2010 and 2011 from hospital registers.…”

“…This probability is in turn dependent upon the risk of fracture and the competing risk of death, both of which vary from country to country [3]. The availability of FRAX has stimulated studies of fracture incidence that can be used for the generation of new FRAX models; recent examples include Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan [4] and, most recently, Botswana [5].…”

“…At present, there is a paucity of information about osteoporosis and fractures in Africa [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. FRAX models are only available for Tunisia, Morocco and South Africa.…”

“…In addition, a surrogate model is available for Zimbabwe based on the South African incidence of hip fracture in the Black community. Recently, the incidence of hip fracture has been reported for the Republic of Botswana [5]. This paper describes the synthesis of a country-specific FRAX model for Botswana.…”