Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model

Saleh, Yousef Al; Sulimani, Riad A.; Alomary, Shaker A.; Alnajjar, Yassmeen I; Vandenput, Liesbeth; Liu, Enwu; Lorentzon, Mattias; Harvey, Nicholas C.; McCloskey, Eugène; Johansson, Helena; Kanis, John А.

doi:10.1007/s11657-022-01085-x

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The largest study from Lebanon reported dominancy of femoral neck fractures (74%), 18 while in Saudi Arabia the trochanteric fractures are in favor (47% trochanteric Vs 43% femoral neck). 5,19 In our study, the trochanteric fractures are double the femoral neck fractures. Several previous reports emphasized that trochanteric fractures are present in older people compared with femoral neck fractures; thus, associated with higher mortality rates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The annual incidence in the Middle East Arab region is ranging from 60 to 150 per 100,000 individuals. [5][6][7][8] It is estimated that the number of hip fractures is projected to double and even quadruple in Middle East countries, according to the Middle East and Africa International Osteoporosis Foundation's audit. 14 Knowing the present and projected epidemiology of this major healthcare issue is paramount for healthcare policymakers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Few studies discussed the epidemiology of elderly hip fractures within the region of the Middle East/ Arab populations. [5][6][7][8] To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous nation-based study that discussed the epidemiology of elderly hip fracture in Jordan. There were only two single-center studies from Jordan that discussed hip fracturerelated issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Elderly Hip Fracture Patients in Jordan: A Multicenter Epidemiological Study

Dawod¹,

Alisi²,

Saber³

et al. 2022

IJGM

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Background Elderly hip fractures represent a global health care burden. Several reports expected a massive increase in the incidence of hip fractures by the next few decades. Knowing the epidemiology of hip fractures is crucial for planning health care policies. The purpose of this study is to provide a nationwide epidemiological overview of hip ‎fractures in Jordan and to report the perioperative outcomes that may help to improve the delivered healthcare. ‎. Methods We conducted ‎ a retrospective study at 2 university hospitals and 2 major ‎governmental hospitals in Jordan.‎ We reviewed the records for all patients (age >55 years) who were diagnosed with hip fractures ‎over a 3 years duration (2019–2021). ‎We documented the patient’s characteristics and the perioperative data (including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative details including the 1-year mortality).‎ Results The total number of included patients was 1268; more than half (53.7%) were females.‎ The mean age is ‎75 years (SD 9.7). ‎ The most common fracture type was trochanteric (66.2%)‎. ‎7% of patients had a prior contralateral hip fracture‎. The average time from admission to surgery was 2.96 days (SD 2.63). The surgery was done within 48 ‎hours for ‎56.7%‎ of patients.‎ Approximately, one-third of all patients (34.5%) received a blood transfusion.‎ The average length of hospital stay is 7.44 days (SD 5). The overall rate of postoperative thromboembolic events, readmission within 1 month, and revision ‎for the same surgery are 2.4%‎, 10.7%‎, and 3% respectively.‎ The 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month mortality rates are 4.5%, 9.1%, and 12.8% respectively. Conclusion The annual incidence of elderly hip fractures in Jordan is approximately 96 per 100,000 individuals. The 1-year mortality rate of hip fractures in Jordan ‎is ‎12.8%‎.‎ Both findings are ‎in the lower range of nearby Arab countries.

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confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Elderly Hip Fracture Patients in Jordan: A Multicenter Epidemiological Study

Dawod¹,

Alisi²,

Saber³

et al. 2022

IJGM

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“…The most recent estimate of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia is 52.8% of women and 63.6% of men in a hospital-based setting [ 8 ]. Around 200 million people over the world have osteoporosis, causing more than 8.9 million fractures yearly [ 9 ]. The incidence of femur fractures caused by osteoporosis is approximately 4,950/100,000 people-year for all individuals in Saudi Arabia [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia Among Older Adults in a Community-Based Setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Alkhunizan¹,

Almasoud²,

Abdulmowla³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundOsteoporosis is a disease of bone density. It makes bones fragile and easy to break. Fragility fractures can cause significant morbidity, mortality, poor quality of life, and financial stress on medical care. Osteoporosis is overlooked and undertreated. Saudi Arabia issued a national plan promoting the early diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. Few and old studies are available in Saudi Arabia estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis in the Saudi older adult population. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia among older adult patients. MethodologyThis retrospective cross-sectional study is based on data gathered from patients ≥60 years of age. Data were collected from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021, for patients who were attending family medicine clinics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who were screened using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients who have secondary causes of osteoporosis were excluded. ResultsA total of 1,302 patients were studied during the course of data collection. The mean age was 68.26. Out of the studied subjects, 75% were female and 25% were males. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 8.2% and 11.8% in femoral and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) results, respectively. The prevalence of osteopenia based on femoral and lumbar BMD results was 50.2% and 41.2%, respectively. ConclusionOsteoporosis and osteopenia are prevalent in the Saudi older adult population. Multiple clinical characteristics have been associated with low bone density disease. Thus, it is important to reinforce primary care physicians' efforts for early screening and treatment of the Saudi older adult population based on their clinical and demographic risk factors.

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“…Furthermore, based on an assessment done by the Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, it was estimated that the percentage of occupied beds with hip fracture patients represents 12.82%. The population included four million Saudi nationals (with about 2,031,601 men and 1,952,734 women) aged 45 years or older [ 3 ], demonstrating further burden globally wise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Time Until Full Weight Bearing After Hip Fractures and Vitamin D Levels in Patients Aged 50 Years and Above

Altuwairqi

Tammar

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction Hip fractures are common in the elderly, especially with vitamin D deficiency. Currently, there is a paucity of case-control studies regarding the relationship between the time until full weight bearing of hip fractures and vitamin D levels in Saudi Arabia. Our aim is to determine time until full weight bearing of hip fractures in patients with vitamin D deficiency compared with normal vitamin D in the age of 50 and above. Materials and methods This was a hospital-based non-interventional retrospective case-control study conducted among patients with hip fractures aged 50 years and above between January 2017 and April 2021. It was done at King Abdulaziz university hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A review of the medical records and operation records for the relative operation was done to check patients' lab values around the time of the operation and following the documented healing process. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 (IBM Inc., Armonk, New York). Correlation analysis was performed using Spearman's test, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In our research, 36 patients were participants in the study, with about two-thirds (22) of the participants being female (61.1%). 52.8% of the participants had an age ranging from 71-80 years, with a mean age of 75.66 ± 9.53 years. A non-significant relationship between the time until full weight bearing of hip fractures and the vitamin d levels is demonstrated. By that, the research question was disproved by the given data. Conclusion The time until full weight bearing of hip fracture is not significantly related to vitamin D level. In this study, the majority of patients (77.1%) were vitamin D deficient, which raises our concern for vitamin D deficiency to be a major health problem in our society. However, this evidence should be further assessed in larger trials. Additional studies on this topic are recommended to be done.

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Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Characteristics of Elderly Hip Fracture Patients in Jordan: A Multicenter Epidemiological Study

Characteristics of Elderly Hip Fracture Patients in Jordan: A Multicenter Epidemiological Study

The Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia Among Older Adults in a Community-Based Setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

The Relationship Between Time Until Full Weight Bearing After Hip Fractures and Vitamin D Levels in Patients Aged 50 Years and Above

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