Epidemiology of invasive respiratory disease caused by emerging non‐Aspergillus molds in lung transplant recipients

Abstract

In LTR undergoing n-LAB prophylaxis, pre- and post-transplantation isolation of non-Aspergillus molds is frequent, but IFI incidence (1.21%) is low. Purpureocillium is an emerging mold. AB-resistant non-Aspergillus species were found more often in bronchoscopy samples and were associated with a higher risk of infection.

Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Penicillium-Like Fungi from Clinical Samples in the United States

“…Despite the uncertainty concerning the true role that penicilliumlike fungi play in human pathology, there are several reports of infections that seem to have involved these fungi in the clinical setting, in particular, isolates from respiratory samples (23,24). However, to our knowledge, the species diversity of a large collection of penicillium-like fungi from clinical origins has never been explored.…”

Clinical outcome of cystic fibrosis patients colonized by Scedosporium species following lung transplantation: A single‐center 15‐year experience

“…Only few centers have reported their experience with Scedosporium species colonization in lung transplant patients . A retrospective study by Sahi et al .…”

“…Global clinical outcome of lung transplant recipients colonized with Scedosporium species is difficult to study because of the rarity of these patients . Currently, no published evidence demonstrates that Scedosporium species colonization is associated with higher morbidity or mortality after LT.…”

A cluster of scedosporiosis in lung transplant candidates and recipients: The Zurich experience and review of the literature

“…The clinical manifestations of Scedosporium species infection are diverse and range from asymptomatic colonization to severe invasive disease with poor prognosis in the case of dissemination or fungemia . In solid organ transplant recipients, Scedosporium species infections tend to disseminate and are associated with high mortality rates …”

“…In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), Scedosporium species infection is the second most frequent fungal infection after Aspergillus species with a prevalence of approximately 10% . Patients undergoing lung transplantation (LT) are an emerging group at risk of invasive infections, which are associated with high mortality and morbidity . Therefore, although previous studies suggest that colonization should not be considered a contraindication for transplantation, the clinical impact of the detection of Scedosporium species before and after LT still needs to be further elucidated …”