Epidemiology of Livestock and Poultry Diseases in Jhenaidah District of Bangladesh

Ferdous

Transbounding Emerging Dis

et al. 2021

Self Cite

The exact origin of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and source of introduction into humans has not been established yet, though it might be originated from animals. Therefore, we conducted a study to understand the putative reservoirs, transmission dynamics, and susceptibility patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in animals. Rhinolophus bats are presumed to be natural progenitors of SARS-CoV-2related viruses. Initially, pangolin was thought to be the source of spillover to humans, but they might be infected by human or other animal species. So, the virus spillover pathways to humans remain unknown. Human-to-animal transmission has been testified in pet, farmed, zoo and free-ranging wild animals. Infected animals can transmit the virus to other animals in natural settings like mink-to-mink and mink-to-cat transmission. Animal-to-human transmission is not a persistent pathway, while minkto-human transmission continues to be illuminated. Multiple companions and captive wild animals were infected by an emerging alpha variant of concern (B.1.1.7 lineage) whereas Asiatic lions were infected by delta variant, (B.1.617.2). To date, multiple animal species -cat, ferrets, non-human primates, hamsters and bats -showed high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in the experimental condition, while swine, poultry, cattle showed no susceptibility. The founding of SARS-CoV-2 in wild animal reservoirs can confront the control of the virus in humans and might carry a risk to the welfare and conservation of wildlife as well. We suggest vaccinating pets and captive animals to stop spillovers and spillback events. We recommend sustainable One Health surveillance at the animal-human-environmental interface to detect and prevent future epidemics and pandemics by Disease X.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics and susceptibility patterns of SARS‐CoV‐2 in domestic, farmed and wild animals: Sustainable One Health surveillance for conservation and public health to prevent future epidemics and pandemics

Ferdous

Transbounding Emerging Dis

et al. 2021

Self Cite

“…As IBD is a viral disease, ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin application (Figure 4) is contraindicated, yet the antibiotics are frequently prescribed in Bangladesh (Sayeed et al, 2020). Common drugs for coccidiosis in poultry are sulfaquinoxaline, amprolium, quinolones, and ionophores (Ahmad et al, 2016).…”

Section: Advances In Animal and Veterinary Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Chicken Diseases in Kishoreganj, Bangladesh: Estimation Through the Veterinary Hospital-Based Passive Surveillance System

Singha¹,

Belgrad²,

Sayeed³

et al. 2021

AAVS

| Poultry farming in South-East Asia has been rapidly progressing to meet the demands of population growth and reducing malnutrition. However, the diseases and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in poultry threaten the industry posing public health risks. A clinico-epidemiological study was therefore conducted at the District Veterinary Hospital, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh during October-November 2019 to determine the overall disease prevalence, prescription patterns, and disease associated factors in different bird types. Data were obtained through interviews and inspections and then stored in MS Excel 2010. Data were coded, recorded, and checked for consistency before exporting to STATA-13 software for statistical analysis. ArcGIS Desktop Version 10.4.1 was used to produce a map showing geographical case distribution. In total, 552 cases (182 exotic broilers, 118 Sonali, and 252 exotic layers) were included during the study period. Visceral gout (42.4%), coccidiosis (49.2%), and colibacillosis (24.2%) were the most frequent disease in broiler, Sonali, and layers, respectively. The study also showed the single application of watch group antibiotics was the highest in broilers (88.3%), followed by Sonali (67.4%) and layers (56.5%). Doxycycline (72.7%) was the most common antibiotic for treating visceral gout in broilers, whereas ciprofloxacin was highly used in Sonali for infectious bursal disease (84.4%), and coccidiosis (58.6%) respectively, and tiamulin (6.4%) for salmonellosis in layers. This disease prevalence suggests poor farm hygiene and bio-security in the study areas. Special care should be taken around younger chickens' as visceral gout and infectious bursal disease were the most common. Antibiotics should be used more judiciously to curb the growing multidrug resistance pattern among zoonotic bacteria.

“…Besides Jhenaidah, a district of Bangladesh, where livestock farming is more common which is affected by different production diseases like mastitis (Sayeed et al, 2020). Therefore, the present study has been conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with sub-clinical mastitis (SCM) in the Jhenaidah district of Bangladesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors at Cow Level in Dairy Farms in Jhenaidah, Bangladesh

Sayeed¹,

Rahman²,

Bari³

et al. 2020

AAVS

Self Cite

We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) among medium to large scale household dairy farms in the southwestern district, Jhenaidah, Bangladesh from July to December 2019. A total of 78 (n=100) lactating cows from household dairy farms (N=32) were selected randomly as sampled populations. We screened the milk samples for SCM by using Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT). The prevalence of SCM varied among farm level [71.9% (95% CI: 53.3-86.3)], individual animal level [67.9% (95% CI: 56.4-86.3)] and quarter level [29.5% (95% CI: 24.5-34.9)]. Descriptive statistics represented the farmers and farm demography, characteristics of the sampled population, and overall management feature. In this study area, the farms followed the intensive rearing system where around 65.6% of the shed was concrete made. The farm animals were crossbred type where HF × Local was predominant. Random effect logistic regression calculated, body condition score (BCS) [OR=3.8 and 2.9, at cows level and quarter level respectively (BCS-2 vs. BCS-≥3)], and breed [OR=5.1 and 2.9, at cows level and quarter level respectively (HF× Sahiwal vs. HF × Local)] as potential risk factors. This study shows that SCM is highly prevalent in the study area, which is a major threat to the dairy industry's production performance. Regular screening by SFMT, proper hygiene, improve the management system, and farmer's awareness is required to control the disease.