Epidemiology of Mycoplasma bovis in Pennsylvania veal calves

Soehnlen, Marty; Aydın, Adnan; Murthy, Kinnari; Lengerich, Eugene J.; Hattel, Arthur L.; Houser, Beth A.; Fenton, Ginger D.; Lysczek, Hannah R.; Burns, Carol; Townsend, Adam M.; Brooks, John; Wolfgang, D.R.; Jayarao, Bhushan M.

doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4309

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Additionally, its role in the aetiology of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is well known. In many cases, M. bovis is considered as a primary agent of BRD, which may co-infect with other infectious agents of BRD, such as Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and others (8,25). Houghton and Gourlay (11) reported that M. bovis is responsible for a colonising synergism with M. haemolytica, which may enhance morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effect of Mycoplasma bovis in experimentally infected calves

Dudek

Bednarek

Ayling

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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The effect of three different field isolates of Mycoplasma bovis on selected immunological parameters in experimentally infected calves was studied. Calves were kept separately in 4 experimental groups, and animals of 3 groups were infected intratracheally with one of the three selected isolates of M. bovis. The control group was inoculated intra-tracheally with sterile physiological saline. Nasal swabs and blood samples were collected just before the calf inoculation, then daily for seven days, and then weekly for another three weeks. The presence of M. bovis antigen, M. bovis antibodies, total protein, gamma globulins, IgA, IgM, IgG, acute phase proteins (haptoglobulin and serum amyloid A), as well as interferon-γ and interleukin-4 concentrations were determined. M. bovis was detected intermittently during the study in the infected groups from day 1, whilst the control group remained free of the pathogen. M. bovis antibodies were detected in some of infected animals in the second, third, and fourth week after infection. The stimulation and/or immunological suppression varied between the M. bovis isolates used for the inoculation. All M. bovis isolates induced a rise of APP and gamma globulin concentrations in infected calves. However, in this study the mucosal immune response appeared to be down-regulated, which was expressed with a general lack of IgA stimulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effect of Mycoplasma bovis in experimentally infected calves

Dudek

Bednarek

Ayling

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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“…Pardon et al (2013) found otitis and arthritis to represent 1.5% and 1.6% of the initial causes of antimicrobial treatment, which can be explained by a high prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis. M. bovis is highly prevalent among veal calves in Europe (Arcangioli et al, 2008;Radaelli et al, 2008;Pardon et al, 2013) and North America (Soehnlen et al, 2012). Recently, M. bovis has also been found in Danish veal calf herds (Nielsen, 2016) and may be responsible for a proportion of the treatments of joints/limbs/CNS and respiratory disorders in young calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A register-based study of the antimicrobial usage in Danish veal calves and young bulls

Fertner

Toft

Martin

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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High antimicrobial usage and multidrug resistance have been reported in veal calves in Europe. This may be attributed to a high risk of disease as veal calves are often purchased from numerous dairy herds, exposed to stress related to the transport and commingling of new animals, and fed a new ration. In this study, we used national register data to characterize the use of antimicrobials registered for large Danish veal calf and young bull producing herds in 2014. A total of 325 herds with veal calf and potentially young bull production were identified from the Danish Cattle database. According to the national Danish database on drugs for veterinary use (VetStat), a total of 537,399 Animal Daily Doses (ADD200) were registered for these 325 herds during 2014. The amount of antimicrobials registered in 2014 varied throughout the year, with the highest amounts registered in autumn and winter. Antimicrobials were registered for respiratory disorders (79%), joints/limbs/CNS disorders (17%), gastrointestinal disorders (3.7%) and other disorders (0.3%). Of the registered antimicrobials, 15% were for oral and 85% for parenteral administration. Long-acting formulations with a therapeutic effect of more than 48h covered 58% of the drugs for parenteral use. Standardized at the herd-level, as ADD200/100 calves/day, antimicrobial use distributed as median [CI95%] for starter herds (n=22): 2.14 [0.19;7.58], finisher herds (n=24): 0.48 [0.00;1.48], full-line herds (n=183): 0.78 [0.05;2.20] and herds with an inconsistent pattern of movements (n=96): 0.62 [0.00;2.24]. Full-line herds are herds, which purchase calves directly from a dairy herd and raise them to slaughter. Furthermore, we performed a risk factor analysis on the 183 herds with a full-line production. Here, we investigated, whether the number of suppliers, the number of calves purchased, the frequency of purchase, the average age at introduction, the average time in the herd and vaccination influenced the amount of antimicrobials used in the herds. The final multivariable regression analysis revealed that the number of calves introduced was positively associated with the antimicrobial use in the herd.

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“…The effects of antibiotics and vaccines are not known to have negligible effects in calves [3] . Control of infection is difficult and economic loses is imminent [7,8] .…”

Section: öZetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycoplasma bovis-associated pneumonia occurs in cattle, including dairy and beef calves, beef cattle after arrival at a feedlot, and adults at any age [1] . Mycoplasma bovis is a particularly important cause of calf pneumonias [2,3] . Mycoplasma bovis infections can be explained as chronic and polymicrobial [1][2][3][4][5] .…”

Section: öZetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis Infection in Cattle by ELISA and PCR

Akan¹,

Babacan²,

Torun³

et al. 2014

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryMycoplasma bovis is one of the most pathogenic agents in the Mycoplasma species that cause disease in cattle. In particular, young calves at less than 4 months of age are a considerable risk from pneumonia caused by M. bovis. In this study, we investigated M. bovis from tracheal swabs and blood sera of cattle which showed respiratory symptoms. A total of 127 tracheal swab samples were collected from seven different farms in Turkey. In addition, a total 254 acute and convelance sera were collected from the same cattle at intervals 15 days. The materials were collected from cattle between 3-12 months of age that reported respiratory problems such as broncho-pneumonia with coughing, depression, lethargy and fever. Mycoplasma bovis was investigated in tracheal swab samples and sera collected from the cattle by using PCR and ELISA respectively. The PCR results showed that M. bovis infections were positive in 4 different farms. The rates ranged from 5.3% (1/19) to 37.5% (6/16). Out of the 127 cattle examined, 45 (35.4%) were positive for M. bovis antibodies, while 82 (64.6%) were found to be negative. All PCR positive cattle were also found to be positive by ELISA. However by using ELISA, M. bovis infections were positive in all farms and the ELISA positive rates ranged from 20% (2/10) to 68.8% (11/16). Considering these results, in especially chronic infections, ELISA is a more useful method than PCR to detect M. bovis infection. Keywords: Cattle, ELISA, Mycoplasma bovis, PCR Sığırlarda Mycoplasma bovis Infeksiyonunun ELISA ve PCR ile Teşhisi ÖzetMycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma etkenleri içerisinde sığırlarda infeksiyona neden olan en patojen etkenlerden biridir. Özellikle, 4 aylık yaşın altındaki genç buzağılarda, M. bovis'in neden olduğu pnömonilerde artan bir risk bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada solunum sistemi infeksiyonu semptomları gösteren sığırların trachea svapları ve kan serumlarından M. bovis infeksiyonunun teşhisi ve M. bovis teşhisi için serolojik ve moleküler metodların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye'de bulunan 7 farklı çiflikten gönderilen 127 tracheal svap örneği ile 15 gün arayla aynı sığırlardan alınan 254 adet akut ve konvelesans serum örneği PCR ve ELISA yöntemleriyle incelendi. Bu örnekler 3-12 aylık yaşlar da olan ve bronkopnömoni, öksürük, depresyon, halsizlik ve ateş gibi solunum sistemi infeksiyonu semptomu gösteren sığırlardan toplandı. Tracheal svap örneklerinin PCR sonuçlarına göre 4 farklı çiftik M. bovis infeksiyonu yönünden pozitif bulundu. Oranlar %5.3 (1/19) ile %37.5 (6/16) arasında bulundu. Mycoplasma bovis antikorları yönünden incelen 127 sığıra ait serumlarda, 45 (%35.4) adeti pozitif olarak saptandı; 82 (%64.6) serum ise negatif olarak saptandı. PCR'da pozitif olarak saptanan tüm sığırlar ELISA yöntemiyle de pozitif olarak saptandı. M. bovis infeksiyonu tüm çiftliklerde pozitif olarak saptandı ve ELISA oranları %20 (2/10) ile %68 (11/16) arasında değişkenlik gösterdi. Bu sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında, özellikle kronik infeksiyonlarda M. bovis infeksiyonunun teşhisinde ...

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Epidemiology of Mycoplasma bovis in Pennsylvania veal calves

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Immunomodulatory effect of Mycoplasma bovis in experimentally infected calves

Immunomodulatory effect of Mycoplasma bovis in experimentally infected calves

A register-based study of the antimicrobial usage in Danish veal calves and young bulls

Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis Infection in Cattle by ELISA and PCR

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