Epidemiology of rotavirus A diarrhea in Chókwè, Southern Mozambique, from February to September, 2011

Abstract

Acute diarrhea disease caused by Rotaviruses A (RVA) is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children ≤5 years old in developing countries. An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted between February and September, 2011 to determine the proportion of acute diarrhea caused by RVA. A total of 254 stool specimens were collected from children ≤5 years old with acute diarrhea, including outpatients (222 children) and inpatients (32 children), in three local health centers in Chókwè District, Gaza Province, South of Mozambique. RVA antigens were detected using enzyme immunoassay (EIA); the RVA G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes were determined by RT-PCR or analysis sequencing. Sixty (24%) out of 254 fecal specimens were positive for RVA by EIA; being 58 (97%) from children ≤2 years of age. RVA prevalence peaks in June and July (coldest and drier months) and the G[P] binary combination observed were G12P[8] (57%); G1P[8] (9%); G12P[6] (6%); and 2% for each of the following genotypes: G1P[6], G2P[6] G4P[6], and G9P[8]. Non-Typeable (NT) G and/or P genotypes were observed as follows: G12P [NT] (6%); G1P [NT], G3P[NT] and GNTP[NT] (4%). Considering the different GP combinations, G12 represented 67% of the genotypes. This is the first data showing the diversity of RVA genotypes in Mozambique highlighting the epidemiological importance of these viruses in acute diarrhea cases in children ≤2 years old. In addition, these findings will provide a baseline data before the introduction of the RVA monovalent (Rotarix(®) ) vaccine in the National Immunization Program in September 2015. J. Med. Virol. 88:1751-1758, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

VP7 and VP8* genetic characterization of group A rotavirus genotype G12P[8]: Emergence and spreading in the Eastern Brazilian coast in 2014

“…The present results show the relationship between Brazilian G12‐III strains and P[8]‐3 prototype strains collected worldwide in different years. Similar to our results, different studies have reported cases of DD due to RVA infections associated with genotypes G12‐III and P[8]‐3 [Komoto et al, ; Mijatovic‐Rustempasic et al, ; Ndze et al, ; Wangchuk et al, ; Delogu et al, ; Langa et al, ]. As detected for the VP7 gene, VP8* analysis shows no significative differences between sequences retrieved from vaccinated, unvaccinated children, individuals above 5 years old and geographic regions (Fig.…”

“…Studies reporting analysis of G12P[8] strains show the wide circulation of the G12‐III lineage in the last years, suggesting that this lineage is associated with the global spread of RVA genotype G12 worldwide, considered the 6th most prevalent human RVA genotype nowadays. On the other hand, other G12 lineages (as G12‐I and G12‐II) remain sporadically detected and usually detected in association with other RVA P genotypes [Delogu et al, ; Tort et al, ; Langa et al, ; Luchs et al, ].…”

Is rotavirus still a major cause for diarrheal illness in hospitalized pediatric patients after rotavirus vaccine introduction in the Saudi national immunization program?

“…[1] Acute diarrheal disease caused by RV is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age in developing countries. [2] Worldwide, RV is estimated to cause more than 111 million cases of diarrhea annually in children younger than 5 years of age. Of these, 18 million cases are considered at least moderately severe, with approximately 500,000 deaths per year.…”

Rotavirus and norovirus in children with severe diarrhea in Burkina Faso before rotavirus vaccine introduction

“…Of note, the VP7 gene of the G12P[6] strains exhibited 4.9% to 5.0% nt difference to the G12P[8] strains showing that 2 variant VP7 G12 genes to be in circulation simultaneously during the study period (Figure B). The VP7 gene of the G12P[6] strain exhibited high nt identity (98.6%) to G12P[6] strains detected in Mozambique in 2011 …”