Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury in New Zealand

Dixon, Graeme S.; Danesh, John; Th, Caradoc-Davies

doi:10.1159/000110305

Cited by 53 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The incidence is lower than those reported from the USA and New Zealand, except from the article by Woodruff, 1994 [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] (Table 6). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Pediatric spinal cord injury in Sweden: incidence, etiology and outcome

Augutis

Levi

2003

Spinal Cord

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“…The incidence is lower than those reported from the USA and New Zealand, except from the article by Woodruff, 1994 [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] (Table 6). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…28,30 The New Zealand study by Dixon 31 has been criticized while the data were based on ICD codes and was not further verified, possibly leading to inclusion of false positives. 32 Inclusion of patients aged 15 and older will inflate the incidence rate for the pediatric group, since the incidence peak for all SCIs is 15-24 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric spinal cord injury in Sweden: incidence, etiology and outcome

Augutis

Levi

2003

Spinal Cord

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“…3 PedSCI is reported to be rare. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] A low incidence and prevalence may result in scattered experiences in treatment and a low priority given to development of research and care programs. 15 Thus, there is a need for increased exchange of information, experiences and best practice between countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric spinal cord injury in a subset of European countries

2005

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Study design: Postal survey. Setting: A total of 19 countries in Europe. Objectives: Firstly, to collect information about incidence and systems of care for pediatric spinal cord injury (pedSCI); including prevention, initial care and follow-up in a subset of European countries. Secondly, to initiate a network of involved professionals for exchange of information and development of research and care programs. Methods: A short semi-structured questionnaire was sent to respondents working with spinal cord injury (SCI) in 19 countries in Europe. Results: Only in Portugal and Sweden, is the incidence of pedSCI (fatal injuries included) established, that is 27 children/million children/year and 4.6 children/million children/year, respectively. For the other countries, the estimated incidence of pedSCI (nonfatal injuries) varied from 0.9 to 21.2 children/million children/year in the age group of 0-14 years. Although the incidence varies considerably, pedSCI is rare throughout Europe. The management differs between the countries depending on the age of the child and the local organization of health care. Conclusions: The survey confirms that pedSCI is rare. In order to establish high-quality standardized care, further integration of knowledge in this area is needed throughout Europe. The contacts initiated by this survey may be used to create an international network serving as a reference for health professionals, researchers and families, thereby possibly alleviating some of the unwanted variations of care identified in this study.

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“…2 Real incidence may be higher because subjects may be reluctant to discuss. 3 Cited as (one of) reason(s) for discontinuing drug early and/or dropping out of the study pattern and were then injected with clonidine. 32 For cyproheptadine, the e ects included the striking emergence of an ability to perform continuous treadmill stepping without manual assistance in two subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drugs on walking after spinal cord injury

1998

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Clonidine, a noradrenergic agonist, and cyproheptadine, a serotonergic antagonist, have each been associated with improved walking in SCI subjects. Baclofen, a GABA agonist, is frequently prescribed for spasticity but its e ects on walking have not been well quanti®ed. The objective of this study was to compare the e ects of clonidine, cyproheptadine and baclofen on walking in SCI subjects with incomplete injuries. A motorized treadmill was used and harness support provided when necessary. A repeated single-subject design was employed for the twelve subjects. The greatest e ects were found in more severely disabled subjects. Cyproheptadine was associated with greatly reduced need for assistance, increases in maximum treadmill speed (MTS) and reduced clonus. Clonidine was associated with increases in MTS and a generally more upright posture. Baclofen was associated with minor changes in walking. In many cases of drug e ects, MTS increases and other changes were retained following washout of drugs. The signi®cance and implications of the drug e ects and the retention of e ects during washout periods are discussed. It is concluded that clonidine and cyproheptadine have di erent e ects but both appear useful for severely disabled SCI subjects. The e ects of baclofen on walking after spinal cord injury remains unclear.

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Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury in New Zealand

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Pediatric spinal cord injury in Sweden: incidence, etiology and outcome

Pediatric spinal cord injury in Sweden: incidence, etiology and outcome

Pediatric spinal cord injury in a subset of European countries

Effects of drugs on walking after spinal cord injury

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