Epidemiology of Travelers’ Diarrhea in Thailand

Chongsuvivatwong, Virasakdi; Chariyalertsak, Suwat; McNeil, Edward; Aiyarak, Somboon; Hutamai, Songwut; DuPont, Herbert L.; Jiang, Zhi; Kalambaheti, Thareerat; Tonyong, Wittavat; Thitiphuree, Sumit; Steffen, Robert

doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2009.00331.x

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The early phase of the trip seems to have the highest risk of diarrhea. 2,3,13 Our study confirmed this observation, since approximately 2/3 (66%) of travelers with diarrhea in our study developed diarrhea in the first week of their trip. It has been postulated that the longer that travelers stay at a destination, the greater the likelihood that they acquire natural immunity against enteropathogens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…This number is comparable with several previous studies done in Southeast Asia that report the rate being between 1.6% and 30.7%. 3,4,7,8 It was impossible to compare this attack rate directly with previous studies because there were substantial differences in our sample, including population characteristics, destination, duration of stay, and travel style. However, several important points should be noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These characteristics of diarrhea are consistent with many previous reports on travelers to Asia, Africa, or Central and southern America. 3,4,11,16,17 Although the clinical course of traveler's diarrhea in many parts of the world was relatively similar, the etiologic agents of diarrhea in various destinations may differ. 2 It should be noted that pathogen-negative diarrhea was also common in travelers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been postulated that the longer that travelers stay at a destination, the greater the likelihood that they acquire natural immunity against enteropathogens. 3 We also assessed the relationship between travelers' practices and the risk of diarrhea. The results of the univariate model were inconclusive and contradictory to the basic knowledge in some parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The risk of traveler's diarrhea varies greatly according to the destination, nationality of travelers, duration of stay, season, travel style, eating behaviors, and type of food consumed. [2][3][4][5] The relationship between traveler nationality and traveler's diarrhea is poorly studied, and most previous studies on traveler's diarrhea have focused on travelers from developed countries visiting developing countries. Neither is known about the incidence of diarrhea among travelers from developing countries visiting other developing countries, nor about intra-regional travelers within developing countries, including Asian travelers visiting a different Asian country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Traveler's Diarrhea in Foreign Travelers in Southeast Asia: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study in Bangkok, Thailand

Kittitrakul

Lawpoolsri

Kusolsuk

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The effect of origin and destination country on traveler's diarrhea incidence rates in Southeast Asia is poorly understood, and research generally only addresses diarrhea in travelers from the developed world. This study evaluated the attack rate and effects of traveler's diarrhea by origin and destination and analyzed key risk factors. A selfadministered questionnaire was provided to foreign travelers departing Southeast Asia from Suvarnabhumi Airport, Bangkok, Thailand. It evaluated traveler demographics, relevant knowledge and practices, experiences of diarrhea, and the details and consequences of each diarrheal episode. A total of 7,963 questionnaires were completed between April 2010 and July 2011. Respondents were 56% male (mean age 35) with a mean and median duration of stay of 28 days and 10 days, respectively. Most respondents were from Europe (36.8%) or East Asia (33.4%). The attack rate of traveler's diarrhea was 16.1%, with an incidence rate of 32.05 per 100 person months. Travelers' origin and destination countries significantly related to diarrhea risk. Oceanians had the highest risk (32.9%) and East Asians the lowest (2.6%). Vietnam and Indonesia were the highest risk destinations (19.3%). Other significant factors were youth, trip duration, number of countries visited, and frequently drinking beverages with ice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%