Epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in a prospective cohort of infants and toddlers attending daycare

Fairchok, Mary; Martin, Emily T.; Chambers, Susan; Kuypers, Jane; Behrens, Melinda; Braun, Lo Ranee; Englund, Janet A.

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2010.06.013

Cited by 111 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Other studies also reported a high percentage of viral infection cases, even though a higher number of viruses were tested in those studies than in ours. 7,25,26 Still, the high frequency of viral infections we detected could reflect the testing for the main viruses responsible for ARI in children and the application of 2 detection methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Human Rhinovirus and Disease Severity in Children

Costa¹,

Queiróz²,

Silveira

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Human rhinovirus has been known as the common cold agent. Recently, studies have reported that this virus is responsible for severe infections of the lower respiratory tract in children. Reports of factors that increase disease severity have been contradictory. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study identifies some of the factors involved in disease severity in HRV infections in children. We expect that children at risk for developing severe disease could be identified sooner and appropriate measures could be taken. abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate retrospectively human rhinovirus (HRV) infections in children up to 5 years old and factors involved in disease severity.METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates from 434 children presenting a broad range of respiratory infection symptoms and severity degrees were tested for presence of HRV and 8 other respiratory viruses. Presence of host risk factors was also assessed.RESULTS: HRV was detected in 181 (41.7%) samples, in 107 of them as the only agent and in 74 as coinfections, mostly with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; 43.2%). Moderate to severe symptoms were observed in 28.9% (31/107) single infections and in 51.3% (38/74) coinfections (P = .004). Multivariate analyses showed association of coinfections with lower respiratory tract symptoms and some parameters of disease severity, such as hospitalization. In coinfections, RSV was the most important virus associated with severe disease. Prematurity, cardiomyopathies, and noninfectious respiratory diseases were comorbidities that also were associated with disease severity (P = .007).CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that HRV was a common pathogen of respiratory disease in children and was also involved in severe cases, causing symptoms of the lower respiratory tract. Severe disease in HRV infections were caused mainly by presence of RSV in coinfections, prematurity, congenital heart disease, and noninfectious respiratory disease. Pediatrics 2014;133:e312-e321 AUTHORS:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Human Rhinovirus and Disease Severity in Children

Costa¹,

Queiróz²,

Silveira

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

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“…A history of maternal atopy and asthma also increases the risk of severe rhinovirus infection in the offspring (41). Finally, more frequent exposure to pathogens in settings such as day care leads to increased infection rates of all types of respiratory pathogens (42), and rhinoviruses are more commonly associated with severe outcomes than most other viruses acquired in day care (43).…”

Section: Risk Factors For Severe Rhinovirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Association of Human Rhinovirus with Asthma

Stone

Miller

2016

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Human rhinoviruses are ubiquitous seasonal pathogens. They have known associations with first onset of wheezing illnesses in children and with asthma exacerbations in patients of all ages. It is not yet certain whether human rhinoviruses play a direct role in the pathogenesis of asthma by activating deleterious inflammatory responses or if they only serve as a catalyst to accelerate the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. There have been previously demonstrated reductions in the development of the asthmatic phenotype with passive immunization against respiratory syncytial virus; however, in the case of rhinovirus, there are barriers to effective vaccine development, such as the lack of a common antigenic target due to alterations of surface markers among subtypes. It remains to be determined whether certain subtypes of human rhinovirus are more asthmagenic and therefore worthy of greater attention as vaccine candidates, but several studies have suggested that RV-C and certain RV-A strains may be more strongly linked with asthma.

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“…Existen varios estudios en los que se ha demostrado que puede presentarse la coexistencia de estos virus, pudiendo no tener manifestaciones adicionales o presentarse como una enfermedad de mayor seriedad. Se cree que el daño citopático producido por el virus inicial promueve la llegada y el crecimiento de otro virus e incluso bacterias (1,2,6,9). Otro de los pacientes tenía antecedentes de infecciones de las vías respiratorias inferiores asociadas a M. pneumoniae (3,6,7).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Metaneumovirus humano en niños: primeros casos en Colombia

et al. 2012

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El metaneumovirus humano es un nuevo patógeno asociado a infecciones respiratorias, principalmente en niños, que produce cuadros clínicos que van desde leves hasta graves, los cuales pueden incluso requerir tratamiento en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Hasta el momento, la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcripción inversa y el cultivo celular son los métodos más usados para su diagnóstico. Se presentan los seis primeros casos de metapneumovirus humano en niños de Medellín, Colombia.Palabras clave: metaneumovirus, niño, infección del sistema respiratorio, informes de casos. Human metapneumovirus in children: first cases in ColombiaHuman metapneumovirus is a newly discovered pathogen associated with respiratory disease and occurring mainly in children. It produces an acute viral respiratory disease picture that varies from mild disease to severe, and which can require strict surveillance in intensive care units. Currently, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and cell culture are the most common methods for its diagnosis. The first six cases of human metapneumovirus in Colombia are presented from Medellín.Key words: Metapneumovirus, child, respiratory tract infections, case reports. Contribución de los autores:David Andrés Espinal, Isabel Cristina Hurtado y Sergio Jaramillo: recolección de datos y redacción del artículo. Ana Eugenia Arango: coordinación local, redacción y revisión crítica del artículo. Josefina García y V. Alberto Laguna-Torres: realización de pruebas de laboratorio y revisión crítica del artículo. IntroducciónEl metaneumovirus humano es un nuevo patógeno humano descubierto en 2001 como causa importante de infecciones de las vías respiratorias superiores e inferiores de niños. Este nuevo agente es un virus ARN perteneciente a la familia Paramyxoviridae, al igual que el virus sincitial respiratorio, subfamilia Pneumovirinae, género Metapneumovirus. En función de las secuencias genómicas que estos presentan, se han definido dos genotipos, A y B, que, a su vez, se subdividen cada uno en dos subtipos: A1, A2 y B1, B2 (1-3).Clínicamente, los niños infectados presentan sintomatología respiratoria que varía de leve hasta grave, en un síndrome clínico similar a la bronquiolitis producida por el virus sincitial respiratorio; en la radiografía de tórax de estos pacientes se puede observar una diversidad de imágenes con un amplio espectro, que puede ir desde la ausencia de imágenes patológicas hasta opacidades del espacio aéreo con tendencia a la consolidación (4). Estos signos y síntomas se confunden fácilmente con los de cualquier infección respiratoria, razón por la cual con frecuencia se subdiagnostica (1,3).El aislamiento del virus es difícil, ya que no crece en los medios de cultivo de los virus respiratorios habituales; requiere condiciones especiales y mayor tiempo para su crecimiento. A pesar de ello, el cultivo celular es ampliamente utilizado. Otros métodos disponibles para su diagnóstico son la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcripción in-versa (RT-PCR), la in...

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Epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in a prospective cohort of infants and toddlers attending daycare

Abstract: Using molecular techniques, viruses were identified in approximately twice as many RTIs as previously reported in a daycare cohort. Infections with newly identified viruses, such as HMPV and CoV subtypes were less frequent and severe than infections with RSV, AdV and RhV.

Cited by 111 publications

References 23 publications

Human Rhinovirus and Disease Severity in Children

Human Rhinovirus and Disease Severity in Children

Understanding the Association of Human Rhinovirus with Asthma

Metaneumovirus humano en niños: primeros casos en Colombia

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