Epidemiology, Screening, and Prevention of Bladder Cancer

Lobo, Niyati; Afferi, Luca; Moschini, Marco; Mostafid, Hugh; Porten, Sima P.; Psutka, Sarah P.; Gupta, Shilpa; Smith, Angela; Williams, Stephen B.; Lotan, Yair

doi:10.1016/j.euo.2022.10.003

Cited by 141 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…In the United States, the number of new bladder cancer (BLCA) cases and BLCArelated deaths in 2023 are projected to be 82,290 and 16,710, respectively. BLCA remains one of the top 10 malignancies that result in death among male patients [1,2]. The therapeutic strategies for BLCA are primarily surgical intervention, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MTX-211 Inhibits GSH Synthesis through Keap1/NRF2/GCLM Axis and Exerts Antitumor Effects in Bladder Cancer

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Globally, bladder cancer (BLCA) is still the leading cause of death in patients with tumors. The function and underlying mechanism of MTX-211, an EFGR and PI3K kinase inhibitor, have not been elucidated. This study examined the function of MTX-211 in BLCA cells using in vitro and in vivo assays. RNA sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Our observations revealed that MTX-211 has a time- and concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on bladder cancer cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that cell apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest were significantly induced by MTX-211. MTX-211 inhibited intracellular glutathione (GSH) metabolism, leading to a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in reactive oxygen species. GSH supplementation partly reversed the inhibitory effects of MTX-211. Further experiments verified that MTX-211 promoted NFR2 protein ubiquitinated degradation via facilitating the binding of Keap1 and NRF2, subsequently resulting in the downregulated expression of GCLM, which plays a vital role in GSH synthesis. This study provided evidence that MTX-211 effectively inhibited BLCA cell proliferation via depleting GSH levels through Keap1/NRF2/GCLM signaling pathway. Thus, MTX-211 could be a promising therapeutic agent for cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MTX-211 Inhibits GSH Synthesis through Keap1/NRF2/GCLM Axis and Exerts Antitumor Effects in Bladder Cancer

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Bladder cancer (BC) refers to malignant tumor(s) that occurs on the bladder mucosa, and is mainly divided into three types: urinary epithelial cancer, squamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. The highest percentage is urinary epithelial cancer, accounts for about 90% of total bladder cancer [1,6]. According to statistics, bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the urogenital system.…”

Section: Concepts On Bladder Cancer and Epidemiology Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, solid tumors and their recurrence has been a major public health problem. Bladder cancer (Bca) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the genito-urinary system with a high recurrence rate and mortality [1], however the pathogenesis of Bca has not been fully elucidated. Protein-coding genes account for only 1%-2% of active transcription in the human genome, and most of the active transcription is non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that does not encode proteins [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Research Progress of CircRNA in Bladder Cancer

Liu¹,

Xu²

2023

ann urol oncol

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Bladder cancer is a major public health problem in the world, and is one of the most common malignant tumors in the genito-urinary system. Due to its high incidence and mortality, it remains a serious threat to human health. In recent years, related researches on the occurrence of bladder cancer found a certain connection between the expression level of circRNA and development of bladder cancer. circRNA can accomplish the purpose of promoting or inhibiting the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer by affecting the expression of related miRNA and mRNA. Higher expression levels of some circRNAs such as circITCH, circACVR2A, circPICALM, and circZKSCAN1 demonstrate an improved prognostic survival of patients with bladder cancer. Higher expression of circBPTF and circPRMT5 correlated with worse prognosis in bladder cancer patients. This article highlights a relationship between CircRNA and bladder cancer.

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“…Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with an estimated 573,000 new cases and 213,000 deaths from the disease per year worldwide, and its occurrence and development is highly correlated with genetic mutations 1–3 . Men are around four times more likely than women to develop bladder cancer 4 . The vast majority of bladder cancers (> 90%) are urothelial bladder carcinomas (UBCs) 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the ADGRG6 hotspot mutations in urine for bladder cancer early screening by ARMS‐qPCR

Tan

Jiang

et al. 2023

Cancer Medicine

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Background In bladder cancer, recurrent ADGRG6 enhancer hotspot mutations (chr. 6: 142,706,206 G>A, chr. 6:142,706,209 C>T) were reported at a high mutation rate of approximately 50%. Thus, ADGRG6 enhancer mutation status might be a candidate for diagnostic biomarker. Methods To improve test efficacy, an amplification refractory mutation system combined with quantitative real‐time PCR (ARMS‐qPCR) assay was developed to detect the ADGRG6 mutations in a patient as a clinical diagnostic test. To validate the performance of the ARMS‐qPCR assay, artificial plasmids, cell DNA reference standard were used as templates, respectively. To test the clinical diagnostic ability, we detected the cell free DNA (cfDNA) and sediment DNA (sDNA) of 30 bladder cancer patients' urine by ARMS‐qPCR comparing with Sanger sequencing, followed by the droplet digital PCR to confirm the results. We also tested the urine of 100 healthy individuals and 90 patients whose diagnoses urinary tract infections or urinary stones but not bladder cancer. Results Sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.7% were achieved when the mutation rate of the artificial plasmid was 1%, and sensitivity of 96.7% and specificity of 100% were achieved when the mutation frequency of the reference standard was 0.5%. Sanger sequencing and ARMS‐qPCR both detected 30 cases of bladder cancer with 93.3% agreement. For the remaining unmatched sites, ARMS‐qPCR results were consistent with droplet digital PCR. Among 100 healthy individuals, three of them carried hotspot mutations by way of ARMS‐qPCR. Of 90 patients with urinary tract infections or urinary stones, no mutations were found by ARMS‐qPCR. Based on clinical detection, the ARMS‐qPCR assay's sensitivity is 83.3%, specificity is 98.4%. Conclusion We here present a novel urine test for ADGRG6 hotspot mutations with high accuracy and sensitivity, which may potentially serve as a rapid and non‐invasive tool for bladder cancer early screening and follow‐up relapse monitoring.

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Epidemiology, Screening, and Prevention of Bladder Cancer

Cited by 141 publications

References 129 publications

MTX-211 Inhibits GSH Synthesis through Keap1/NRF2/GCLM Axis and Exerts Antitumor Effects in Bladder Cancer

MTX-211 Inhibits GSH Synthesis through Keap1/NRF2/GCLM Axis and Exerts Antitumor Effects in Bladder Cancer

The Recent Research Progress of CircRNA in Bladder Cancer

Detection of the ADGRG6 hotspot mutations in urine for bladder cancer early screening by ARMS‐qPCR

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