Epidermal Cyst on the Scalp Induced by Forceps Injury During Delivery: A Case Report and Epidemiological Analysis of 3949 Patients

Abstract

Background: Epidermal cysts are common benign epithelial tumors. They are known to result from penetrating-type injuries or infection of human papillomavirus. The differential diagnosis commonly includes multiplex steatocystoma, lipoma, and neurofibroma. Pathological examination is essential for diagnosis, and surgical excision is the recommended treatment. Objective: We report a case in a man who presented with a cystic lesion on the scalp over 22 years to provide clinical evidence for mechanism of epidermal cysts. We conducted epidemiological analysis of 3949 patients with epidermal cysts to clarify the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of epidermal cysts. Patients and Methods: A total of 3949 individuals with confirmed epidermal cysts were collected for analysis. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed using Student's t-test. Results: Our data showed that the mean age of diagnosis of males was statistically earlier than that of females (P<0.001), but no significant difference in sex predilection was observed (P=0.55). The high incidence age of males and females was in the young and middle stage. Lesion locations were a bit different among age groups, but the face was the most common site of epidermal cyst at all age stages. Conclusion: Our case offers clinical evidence to the theory which refers trauma as one of the main causes of epidermal cysts in hairbearing area. According to analysis of large number of samples, we can further support the idea that epidermal cyst has equal sex predilection and mainly occurs on the young and middle-aged adults. It is usually solitary and most likely to be found on face and trunk.

Ear keloid and epidermal cyst following auricular cartilage harvest for rhinoplasty: A case report

“…By contrast, epidermal cysts are intradermal or subcutaneous cystic lesions characterized by the presence of keratin and stratified epithelium[ 4 , 5 ]. These cysts frequently occur in individuals aged 20-29 years and vary in distribution based on body location, with the face being the most common site[ 6 ]. They often occur spontaneously but are especially common in the ear area after piercing or surgical intervention[ 3 ].…”