Epigenetic alterations in cancer

Ilango, Suganya; Paital, Biswaranjan; Jayachandran, Priyanka; Padma, P. R.; Nirmaladevi, Ramalingam

doi:10.2741/4847

Cited by 171 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(141 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…All cells of a living individual have essentially the same DNA. Still, different organs and tissues have different functions and maintain their specific cellular identity over multiple cell divisions, which are primarily thought to be determined by the appearance of mediated by genetic information [ 9 , 40 ]. Since methylation is essential to epigenetic research, we explored the methylation differences of membrane lipid biosynthesis-related genes in various tumors [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Signature and Therapeutic Value Based on Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Breast Cancer

Jin

Gao

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a need to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to enhance the prognosis of breast cancer, the most common malignancy worldwide. Membrane lipid biosynthesis is a hot biological pathway in current cancer research. It is unclear whether membrane lipid biosynthesis is involved in the prognosis of BRCA. With LASSO regression, a 14-gene prediction model was constructed using data from the TCGA-BRCA cohort. The prediction model includes GPAA1, PIGF, ST3GAL1, ST6GALNAC4, PLPP2, ELOVL1, HACD1, SGPP1, PRKD2, VAPB, CERS2, SGMS2, ALDH3B2, and HACD3. BRCA patients from the TCGA-BRCA cohort were divided into two risk subgroups based on the model. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with lower risk scores had significantly improved overall survival ( P = 2.49 e − 09 ). In addition, risk score, age, stage, and TNM classification were used to predict mortality in BRCA patients. In addition, the 14 genes in the risk model were analyzed for gene variation, methylation level, drug sensitivity, and immune cell infiltration, and the miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Afterward, the THPA website then analyzed the protein expression of 14 of these risk model genes in normal and pathological BRCA tissues. In conclusion, the membrane lipid biosynthesis-related risk model and nomogram can be used to predict BRCA clinical prognosis.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Signature and Therapeutic Value Based on Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Breast Cancer

Jin

Gao

et al. 2022

Journal of Oncology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The morbidity rate by the disease is found to be very high in elderly patients, and also in patients suffering from co-morbidity such as asthma, diabetes, cancer and cardiac diseases (Chu et al, 2004;Dong et al, 2020;Zhou et al, 2020). It is because, in disease4s such as cancer, multiple unwanted cellular events take place that lead to lower down the immunity of patients (Iswariya et al, 2019;Ilango et al, 2020). The first known case on the severe illness made by a CoV was reported in 2003, and it was called as "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome" (SARS) that lead to a severe epidemic in China (W.H.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter nation social lockdown versus medical care against COVID-19, a mild environmental insight with special reference to India

Paital

Das

Parida

2020

Science of The Total Environment

247

217

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infection by coronavirus (CoV-19) has led to emergence of a pandemic called as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) that has so far affected about 210 countries. The dynamic data indicate that the pandemic by CoV-19 so far has infected 2,403,963 individuals, and among these 624,698 have recovered while, it has been fatal for 165,229. Without much experience, currently, the medicines that are clinically being evaluated for COVID-19 include chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, tocilizumab, lopinavir, ritonavir, tocilizumab and corticosteroids. Therefore, countries such as Italy, USA, Spain and France with the most advanced health care system are partially successful to control CoV-19 infection. India being the 2nd largest populous country, where, the healthcare system is underdeveloped, major portion of population follow unhygienic lifestyle, is able to restrict the rate of both infection and death of its citizens from COVID-19. India has followed an early and a very strict social distancing by lockdown and has issued advisory to clean hands regularly by soap and/or by alcohol based sterilizers. Rolling data on the global index of the CoV infection is 13,306, and the index of some countries such as USA (66,148), Italy (175,055), Spain (210,126), France (83,363) and Switzerland (262,122) is high. The index of India has remained very low (161) so far, mainly due to early implementation of social lockdown, social distancing, and sanitizing hands. However, articles on social lockdown as a preventive measure against COVID-19 in PubMed

show abstract

“…An increase in genetic instability has the potential to introduce new mutations into a tumor colony, with the rare possibility of being advantageous and allowing the colony to continue to thrive. The pathways mentioned previously are often heavily influenced by these epigenetic changes [14]. Three main epigenetic factors that can lead to increased genetic instability within CSCs are: 1.…”

Section: Epigenetic Changes In Cscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three main epigenetic factors that can lead to increased genetic instability within CSCs are: 1. Increased DNA methylation that may contribute to increased oncogenic activity by inducing genetic instability [14]. DNA Methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors have been shown to decrease DNA methylation by targeting and reduce CSC proliferation and tumorigenic ability [15].…”

Section: Epigenetic Changes In Cscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposed Models of Functional Heterogeneity in Cancer and the Effects of Microenvironmental Factors on Cancer Stem Cells: A Literature Review

Rambharack

Guo

2021

URNCST Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Functional heterogeneity in cancer may result in the metastasis of various types of tumour cells throughout the body. Attempting to explain functional heterogeneity in cancer cells has given rise to two models. The Cancer Stem Cell model proposes that a subset of tumour cells self-replicate and that heterogeneity is a progeny of various cancer stem cells (CSCs). The Clonal Evolution Model proposes heterogeneity as a product of mutations across tumour cells that accumulate and metastasize linearly or branching. Methods: Research was conducted through open-access journals and information was compiled surrounding CSC models using the Google Scholar and McMaster Library database search engines. Inclusions were sources that detailed the relationship between both models of functional heterogeneity and microenvironments and treatments. Literature that did not center around tumour microenvironments was not included in this literature review. Results: The two main models of tumour proliferation were explored and related to hypoxic tumour microenvironments. Various markers, etiologic agents and toxins were identified that contribute to tumour progression. Cell signalling and pathways that contribute to major cellular functions were identified, along with possible disruptions and epigenetic changes that lead to tumour and CSC proliferation. Discussion: This study reveals that the tumour microenvironment plays a large role in the proliferation of CSCs. Although the therapies targeting microenvironments are in early stages of development, focusing on these CSC targeted-therapies may lead to better treatments for cancer or more effective combination therapies. Strengths of the paper include the compilation of major contributing areas to CSC proliferation, whereas limitations encompass the high variability of tumour cells that are not all covered in this review. Conclusion:While no definitively eradicating treatment for CSCs currently exist, the recent developments in cancer research indicate promising new techniques for its management. Implications: By further studying malignant CSCs, highly effective cancer treatments may result, leading to the advancement of CSC recognition and combination therapy.

show abstract

Epigenetic alterations in cancer

Abstract: Genetic and epigenetic modifications in DNA contribute to altered gene expression in aging and cancer. In human cancers, epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, micro RNAs and nucleosome remodelling all control gene expression. The link between the genetics and

Cited by 171 publications

References 119 publications

Prognostic Signature and Therapeutic Value Based on Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Breast Cancer

Prognostic Signature and Therapeutic Value Based on Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Breast Cancer

Inter nation social lockdown versus medical care against COVID-19, a mild environmental insight with special reference to India

Proposed Models of Functional Heterogeneity in Cancer and the Effects of Microenvironmental Factors on Cancer Stem Cells: A Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About