Epigenetic Contribution to Covariance Between Relatives

Tal, Omri; Kisdi, Éva; Jablonka, Eva

doi:10.1534/genetics.109.112466

Cited by 107 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…To understand the evolutionary dynamics and responses to ecological adaptations, mathematical models have recently been proposed which combine information on the probability of transmission of ancestral phenotypes, the number of epigenetic reset opportunities between generations, and assumptions on the environmental induction of epigenetically regulated traits. 47 These models may facilitate identification of the heritable epigenetic variance and transmissibility for future molecular studies.…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Kumar¹

2016

APAR

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Sequence specific, genome-wide changes are being reported in plants which often correlate with regulation of gene expression at transcription levels. Many of such changes occur during stress exposure, and both gene expression and chromatin changes may revert to the pre-stress state shortly thereafter. There are reports for stress-induced chromatin changes that are transmitted to the progenies. Such changes alter gene expression without having any change in the DNA sequence. These epigenetic changes include modification in DNA base, histones and small non-coding RNAs. Some of the cytosine residues in nuclear genome may get methylated at 5' position by the action of DNA methyl transferase. Histones are also subjected to post-translational modifications which affect transcription, replication, chromosome condensation/segregation, as well as DNA repair. Methylation of a promoter may repress gene transcription, while methylation of coding region of a gene may cause post-transcriptional gene silencing. Epigenetic changes may also be inherited over the generations in the form of epialleles, which are considered as a source of genetic variability for crop improvement. The roles of epigenetic changes in plant's response to stress are becoming increasingly evident, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms play important role in stress tolerance, acclimatization, adaptation and evolution processes. Therefore, it is worth investigating the epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation in plants, and their possible exploitation in crop improvement.

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Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Kumar¹

2016

APAR

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“…41 De novo DNA methylation enzymes, such as DNMT3a and b, work in a similar way in that they recruit constrictive silencing elements, such as transcriptional repressor domains (TRDs), a repression protein of 58 kDa also known as Zfp238 that is critical for embryonic development, HDAC1, Suv39 h1 and HP1. 30 All of these enzymes are tightly interwoven within compact nucleosomes surrounding methylated CpG DNA. 42 While de novo DNMT3s establish silencing patterns in response to environmental triggers, silencing inheritance patterns maintained throughout cell replication are carried forward by DNMT1.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…27,28 In other instances, longer lasting epigenetic changes adversely affect the phenotype of the third or fourth generation, 29 often initiated by environmental factors adverse to human health that perpetuate aberrant patterns of transgenerational transmission of phenotype. 30 The purpose of this review is to simplify the enormous complexity of epigenetic biochemistry that links nuclear DNA to the environment. On one hand, the concept of epigenetics is relatively simple in that it describes a means by which genes are either turned on or off by a heritable epigenome.…”

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confidence: 99%

Basic concepts of epigenetics

Mazzio

Soliman²

2012

Epigenetics

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“…This special question could be answered by a Vastenhouw et al (2006)-like removal experiment that fixes the herbivory damage variable inducing epigenetic change at value {no herbivory damage} after generation F0 (e.g., by using fences in a field experiment). 28 For example, see Tal et al 2010. This rather non-interventionist account on epigenetic contribution to covariance between relatives considers trajectory information about the number of opportunities for epigenetic reset between generations and assumptions about environmental induction to determine heritable epigenetic variance and epigenetic transmissibility.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal explanation beyond the gene: manipulation and causality in epigenetics

Baedke

2012

THEORIA

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This paper deals with the interrelationship between causal explanation and methodology in a relatively young discipline in biology: epigenetics. Based on cases from molecular and ecological epigenetics, I show that James Woodward's interventionist account of causation captures essential features about how epigeneticists using highly diverse methods, i.e. laboratory experiments and purely observational studies, think about causal explanation. I argue that interventionism thus qualifies as a useful unifying explanatory approach when it comes to cross-methodological research efforts. It can act as a guiding rationale (i) to link causal models in molecular biology with statistical models derived from observational data analysis and (ii) to identify test-criteria for reciprocal transparent studies in different fields of research, which is a shared issue across the sciences. Keywords: causation; explanation; intervention; epigenetics; methodology; observational studies.RESUMEN: Este artículo trata de la relación entre explicaciones causales y metodología en una disciplina biológica relativamente joven, la epigenética. Basándome en casos de la epigenética molecular y ecológica, muestro que la concepción intervencionista de la causalidad desarrollada por James Woodward capta algunos rasgos esenciales del modo en que los epigenetistas conciben la explicación causal usando métodos sumamente diversos: e.g., experimentos de laboratorio o estudios observacionales. Defiendo que el intervencionismo es útil como aproximación unificadora a la explicación cuando se trata de empresas investigadoras transdisciplinares. Puede servir como guía para (i) conectar los modelos causales en biología molecular con los modelos estadísticos derivados del análisis de datos observacionales y (ii) para identificar criterios de prueba para estudios recíprocos en diferentes ámbitos de investigación, un problema de interés común en diferentes ciencias. Palabras clave: causalidad; explicación; intervención; epigenética; metodología; estudios observacionales.The right order for experience is first to kindle a light, then with that light to show the way, beginning with experience ordered and arranged, not irregular or erratic, and from that deriving axioms, and from the axioms thus established deriving again new experiments.-Francis Bacon, 1620 Unifying epigenetics and evolutionary biologyThe past few decades have seen an important expansion of our understanding of inheritance and its underlying causal processes as established by genetics and the Mod-* Thanks to Michael Anacker, Dan Brooks, Fridolin Gross, Maria Kronfeldner, Frank Paris, Jessica Pahl, Helmut Pulte, Kirsten Schmidt, the session audience at the ISHPSSB meeting (2011), the Bielefeld Biolosophy meeting group, and three anonymous reviewers of this journal for constructive comments on earlier versions of this paper. Financial support by the Ruhr University Research School (RURS) and the ISHPSSB is gratefully acknowledged.

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Epigenetic Contribution to Covariance Between Relatives

Cited by 107 publications

References 37 publications

Epigenetic Regulation of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Epigenetic Regulation of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Basic concepts of epigenetics

Causal explanation beyond the gene: manipulation and causality in epigenetics

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