Epigenetic disregulation induces cell growth retardation in primary cultured glial cells

Epigenetic side-effects of common pharmaceuticals: A potential new field in medicine and pharmacology

“…Since valproate action does not require cell division, it potentially affects the epigenomic status of genes in mature post-mitotic cells such as CNS neurons. For example histone deacetylation-dependent transcriptional control is crucial for the regulation of glial cell growth [53]. Data suggests that valproate may induce abnormalities of epigenetic transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in glial cells, resulting in reduced cell proliferation, which may in turn cause cognitive dysfunction or mental illness [53,54].…”

Beyond Pharmacogenetics

“…Furthermore, the resultant increase in histone acetylation caused by VPA was shown to be interrelated with changes in genomic DNA methylation (Milutinovic et al, 2007). Animal and cell culture studies have implicated the epigenetic mode of action of VPA in a wide range of gene expression changes associated with VPAinduced side-effects, such as teratogenicity and cognitive disorders (Fukuchi et al, 2009;Nagai et al, 2008;Tung & Winn, 2010). Procainamide, an antiarrythmic sodium channel blocker and hydralazine, a vasodilator used to treat hypertension, did not have wellcharacterized mechanisms of action when they were first introduced.…”

Seeking the 5th Base of DNA Using Chromatographic Methods of Analysis

“…Rooster testis cells /Rat kidney tissue/ rat kidney cell lines Differentiation [68,98] Rat/mice/monkey tissues Evolution/Development [99] Cloned bovine fetuses,transgenic/ nontransgenic cumulus, genital ridge, body cell lines Abortion [62] Cultured mouse cortical glial cells Inhibitors / Deacetylase [78] Rat uterus Estrogen [85] Rat liver and spleen Differentiation N-2-acetylaminofluorene [66] Hamster cells Horizontal gene transfer in mammalian cell lines pBR322, adenovirus [96] Drosophila melanogaster [94] Mealybug species Evolution/Gender differentiation [69] Chaetopterus variopedatus Development [47] B.…”

“…HPLC has also been employed in order to evaluate the influence of methylation inhibitors [56,104] and demethylating agents [78,88,104] on the methylation status of DNA (Tables 4A, 4B, 4C). Several of these compounds, mostly 5mC analogs, were found to act as inhibitors of enzymes responsible for DNA methylation (methyltransferases) and have drawn a lot of attention for their use as anticancer agents.…”