Epigenetics and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: New Perspectives?

Mirkovic, Bojan; Chagraoui, Abdeslam; Gérardin, Priscille; Cohen, David

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00579

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Second, dysregulation of DNA methylation may play an essential role in both AD and ADHD. Recent studies have detected hypomethylation in patients with both AD and ADHD, suggesting that genetic factors may be associated with the disease risk through epigenetic pathways [56, 57]. Moreover, phenotypic overlapping and similar mRNA expression patterns between AD and ASD have also been reported in prior research [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Associations of Atopic Dermatitis with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cheng,

Lu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) shares similarities with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) regarding pathogenesis involving neuroinflammation and genetics. Nevertheless, evidence on the associations of AD with ADHD and/or ASD is inconclusive. This study aimed to systematically examine the existing evidence on the associations between AD, ADHD, and ASD. Methods: The Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline was followed. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from their respective inceptions to March 4, 2022. Observational studies providing adjusted estimates and/or prevalences for ADHD and ASD in patients with AD were enrolled. A random-effects model meta-analysis was conducted to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses according to AD severity, age, geographic location, and study design were performed. Results: Overall, a total of 24 studies with 71,373,639 subjects were enrolled. Our meta-analysis demonstrated significant associations of AD with ADHD (pooled OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.18–1.40) and ASD (pooled OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.30–2.68). Subgroup analyses revealed that the associations for ADHD were the most prominent in studies evaluating severe AD patients as well as in studies focusing on school-age children and adolescents. Among patients with AD, the pooled prevalence of ADHD was 6.6%, and the respective prevalence of ASD was 1.6%. Conclusion: The evidence to date suggests significant associations of AD with ADHD and ASD. Psychiatric consultation and an interdisciplinary approach would benefit patients with AD presented with behavioral symptoms suggestive of ADHD or ASD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Associations of Atopic Dermatitis with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cheng,

Lu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The exact etiology of ADHD is not known, but has been postulated to occur as a result of the interplay of multiple psychological and biological factors. The impact of the environment and nutrition might lead to epigenetic changes (e.g., histone modification, DNA methylation) and may make a key contribution to ADHD development (4)(5)(6). Micronutrients can promote the differentiation and development of cells, and mediate the proliferation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission of neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Yue

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To measure levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) and the symptomatic association of their co-deficiencies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chinese children (6–9 years).Methods: Eighty-two children (69 boys and 13 girls; mean age = 7.1 ± 0.9 years at the time of the diagnosis) with ADHD were recruited as ADHD group. A total of 106 healthy children were recruited as the healthy control (HC) group. Serum levels of retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) of all children were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham IV Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) was employed to assess the clinical symptoms of ADHD.Results: Children suffering from ADHD had significantly reduced serum levels of retinol and 25(OH)D compared with those of HCs, and the prevalence of VA deficiency and VD deficiency were higher in children suffering from ADHD. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol were linked closely with the presence or absence of ADHD after adjustment for age, body mass index, season of blood sampling, and sun exposure. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol showed a negative correlation with the total scores of SNAP-IV. Children with ADHD as well as VA and VD co-deficiency had increased SNAP-IV total scores and ADHD inattention subscale scores.Conclusion: VA deficiency and VD deficiency in children with ADHD were increased in comparison with that in HCs. VA and VD co-deficiency associated with ADHD symptom severity. Attention should be paid to regular testing of VA levels and VD levels. However, the mechanism of VA and VD in ADHD needs to be further studied. Interventional studies on VA and VD supplementation are recommended to further verify the relationship between VA and VD co-deficiency and ADHD.

show abstract

“…Potentially, the genetic relationship between the two could possibly be mediated by epigenetic modifications of copy number variations since there have been studies that have shown how the risks of AD or ADHD could be independently affected by DNA methylation or copy number variations. [44][45][46][47] Alternatively there may exist a common driver for the observed associations between ADHD and AD. For instance, recent separate MR studies has demonstrated that BMI leads to increased risk for both AD 48 and ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There may indeed be no causal effect in the genetic relationship between AD and ADHD via SNPs. Potentially, the genetic relationship between the two could possibly be mediated by epigenetic modifications of copy number variations since there have been studies that have shown how the risks of AD or ADHD could be independently affected by DNA methylation or copy number variations 44–47 . Alternatively there may exist a common driver for the observed associations between ADHD and AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating causal relationships between genetically determined increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and atopic dermatitis (AD): A Mendelian randomization analysis

Loh

Yew

2023

Experimental Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition with a huge disease burden. Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often diagnosed in children, and is associated with symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsive behaviour. Observational studies have demonstrated associations between AD and ADHD. However, to date, there has been no formal assessment of causal relationship between the two. We aim to evaluate causal relationships between genetically increased risk of AD and ADHD using Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Two‐sample bi‐directional MR was conducted to elucidate potential causal relationships between genetically increased risk of AD and ADHD, using the largest and most recent genome‐wide association study datasets for AD and ADHD—EArly Genetics & Lifecourse Epidemiology AD consortium (21 399 cases and 95 464 controls) and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (20 183 cases and 35 191 controls). Genetically determined increased risk of AD is not associated with ADHD based on genetic information: odds ratio (OR) of 1.02 (95% CI −0.93 to 1.11; p = 0.705). Similarly, genetic determined increased risk of ADHD is not associated with an increased risk of AD: OR of 0.90 (95% CI −0.76 to 1.07; p = 0.236). Horizontal pleiotropy was not observed from the MR‐Egger intercept test (p = 0.328) Current MR analysis showed no causal relationship between genetically increased risk of AD and ADHD in either direction in individuals of European descent. Any observed associations between AD and ADHD in previous population studies could possibly be due to confounding lifestyle factors such as psychosocial stress and sleeping habits.

show abstract

Epigenetics and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: New Perspectives?

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Associations of Atopic Dermatitis with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Associations of Atopic Dermatitis with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Investigating causal relationships between genetically determined increased risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and atopic dermatitis (AD): A Mendelian randomization analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About