Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epilepsy are common disorders in the elderly.
Evidence demonstrates that patients with AD have an increased risk of developing
epilepsy and seizures.ObjectiveTo review epidemiological, clinical and treatment aspects of epilepsy and
AD.MethodsWe reviewed databases (PubMED, LiLACS, Scielo) conducting a search for
manuscripts using the terms Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy.ResultsManuscripts related to the areas of interest were reviewed. Studies revealed
that epilepsy is more frequent among AD patients. The combined presence of
the two disorders may be related to mechanisms of neuronal hyperexcitability
as a consequence of amyloid-beta protein (Aβ) or phosphorylated tau
accumulation, as well as to structural changes in cortical and hippocampal
regions. Available data suggest that the new generation of antiepileptic
drugs (AEDs) are better tolerated in the elderly population, and may also be
the best option in patients with AD and epilepsy.ConclusionFurther prospective studies involving evaluation of concomitant dementia and
epilepsy, neurophysiological findings and biomarkers need to be
performed.