Epilepsy and erectile dysfunction: a review

Smaldone, Marc C.; Sukkarieh, Troy; Reda, Ashraf; Khan, Aleem I.

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2003.12.006

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…For this reason the choice of the AED should take into account the possible effects on sexuality [82,83]. In patients with epilepsy, percentages of sexual dysfunction is 11-22% during treatment with PB, CBZ, PHT, primidone (PRM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Tumor-Related Epilepsy

Maschio¹

2012

155

102

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In patients with brain tumor (BT), seizures are the onset symptom in 20-40% of patients, while a further 20-45% of patients will present them during the course of the disease. These patients present a complex therapeutic profile and require a unique and multidisciplinary approach. The choice of antiepileptic drugs is challenging for this particular patient population because brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) is often drug-resistant, has a strong impact on the quality of life and weighs heavily on public health expenditures.In BT patients, the presence of epilepsy is considered the most important risk factor for long-term disability. For this reason, the problem of the proper administration of medications and their potential side effects is of great importance, because good seizure control can significantly improve the patient’s psychological and relational sphere. In these patients, new generation drugs such as gabapentin, lacosamide, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin, topiramate, zonisamide are preferred because they have fewer drug interactions and cause fewer side effects. Among the recently marketed drugs, lacosamide has demonstrated promising results and should be considered a possible treatment option. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a customized treatment plan for each individual patient with BTRE. This requires a vision of patient management concerned not only with medical therapies (pharmacological, surgical, radiological, etc.) but also with emotional and psychological support for the individual as well as his or her family throughout all stages of the illness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Tumor-Related Epilepsy

Maschio¹

2012

155

102

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“…In male epileptic patients, decreased libido and potency, loss of sexual desire and erectile dysfunctions have been noted frequently. While 3–9% of healthy men have erectile dysfunctions, 57% of male epilepsy patients experience this (Smaldone et al 2004). Sexual dysfunctions in people with epilepsy might be caused by many factors, of which the three main ones are noted: epilepsy itself, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and psychiatric/psychotic problems (Smaldone et al 2004; Stimmel and Gutierrez 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While 3–9% of healthy men have erectile dysfunctions, 57% of male epilepsy patients experience this (Smaldone et al 2004). Sexual dysfunctions in people with epilepsy might be caused by many factors, of which the three main ones are noted: epilepsy itself, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and psychiatric/psychotic problems (Smaldone et al 2004; Stimmel and Gutierrez 2006). It was reported that epileptic discharges in the brain might be transmitted through amygdala–hypothalamic pathways, resulting in changes in the release of sexual steroid hormones and in reduced serum concentration of gonadotropins and bioactive testosterone (Herzog 1999; Montouris and Morris 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of sildenafil on the anticonvulsant action of selected antiepileptic drugs against pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice

et al. 2012

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sildenafil, a selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, on threshold for clonic seizures in mice. In addition, the effects of sildenafil on the anticonvulsant activity of selected antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), i.e., clonazepam (CZP), valproate (VPA), phenobarbital (PB), ethosuximide (ETS) and tiagabine (TGB), were also evaluated. The subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test was used to determine the effects of sildenafil on convulsive susceptibility and the anticonvulsant activity of the studied AEDs in mice, while the acute side effects of sildenafil and its combinations with the studied AEDs were evaluated in the chimney test, step-through passive-avoidance task and grip-strength test in mice. Total brain concentrations of AEDs were also determined. Sildenafil (5–40 mg/kg) did not influence the threshold for PTZ-induced clonic seizures in mice, but increased the anticonvulsant activity of ETS in this test without any significant changes in the total brain concentration. The activity of the remaining AEDs was not significantly changed by sildenafil. Neither sildenafil alone nor its combinations with the studied AEDs produced any changes in the motor coordination, long-term memory and muscular strength in mice. Co-administration of sildenafil with ETS in male epileptic patients with co-existing erectile dysfunctions might lead to the pharmacodynamic interactions that may be beneficial for the patients. Combinations of sildenafil with CZP, VPA, PB and TGB appear to be neutral in terms of their influence on seizures.

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“…Additionally, methods such as the intercavernosal injection of vasodilators, i.e. papaverine or a grouping of papaverine, phentolamine, and prostaglandin E1, or yohimbine can be used to treat ED (Smaldone et al 2004; Rokkas 2015). Other pharmaco-therapies for combatting ED to enhance the quality and frequency of erection include; topical nitroglycerine, topical minoxidil, and sildenafil (Rokkas 2015).…”

Section: Treatment Of Sexual Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between epilepsy and sexual dysfunction: a review of the literature

2016

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Background and objectivesRegardless of the disease states that people suffer from, maintaining sexual function is an important indicator of quality of life. The objective of this review was to figure out the relationship between epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and sexual dysfunction.ResultsIn various epidemiological and clinical studies, epilepsy has been correlated with a reduction in sexual function. This sexual dysfunction is not always detected in epileptic patients until systematic efforts are put in place, as part of the assessment and treatment process. Therefore, precise evaluations of the incidence of treatment related sexual dysfunction in epileptic patients is still lacking.ConclusionsThis literature review concluded that sexual function is influenced by the pathophysiology of epilepsy, as well as through the use of AEDs. To maximize quality of care in patients with epilepsy and those patients with other disease states who receive AEDs, it is important to address the status of the patient’s sexual function as part of the initial routine assessment and with any treatment related follow-up. Minimizing the effects of AED related sexual dysfunction can be achieved by raising awareness among patients, providing education and training for physicians regarding sexual dysfunction and obtaining a baseline sexual history from the patient so are important recommendations. In addition, systematic studies are needed to explore the risk and mechanism of such treatment related side effects on sexual function.

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Epilepsy and erectile dysfunction: a review

Abstract: The association between epilepsy and erectile dysfunction (ED) has often been described but not clearly defined. This is a review of the literature regarding the current theories on the causes of ED in epilepsy, as well as the evaluation and treatment options available.

Cited by 53 publications

References 72 publications

Brain Tumor-Related Epilepsy

Brain Tumor-Related Epilepsy

Influence of sildenafil on the anticonvulsant action of selected antiepileptic drugs against pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice

The relationship between epilepsy and sexual dysfunction: a review of the literature

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