Epiphytic ferns and orchids adaptation mechanism based on stomatal structure and chlorophyll content in Urban Forest of Jember University, Indonesia

Abstract

Epiphytic orchids and ferns in urban forests simulating a lowland tropical forest ecology were studied. This study aims to provide information about the epiphytes' adaptation to living in a dynamic microclimate of the tree canopy. Five epiphytes from the two taxa (orchids and ferns) were observed in their stomatal structure and chlorophyll contents. The stomatal type, size, and density were analysed with microscopic observation. The chlorophyll content was measured using a spectrophotometer. The orchids developed different mechanisms for water conservation compared to the ferns. Orchis develop smaller sizes and denser stomata to support photosynthesis rate as they had water absorbers and storage organs. On the other hand, ferns tend to avoid drought stress by developing fewer numbers and sparse stomata. The higher chlorophyll content in ferns was for photosynthesis efficiency purposes

Antimicrobial and Phytochemistry study of Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. from Gumitir, Jember, Indonesia

“…The orchid sample of Dendrobium linearifolium was collected from Mount Gumitir in Jember Regency, Indonesia. The sample was then transported to the Laboratory of Botany-University of Jember for identification and a voucher The sample was planted at the Biology Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences at the University of Jember [14]. Identification and DNA barcode of the specimen was published previously by a botanist, Su'udi, Ph.D [6].…”

Antimicrobial and Phytochemistry study of Liparis resupinata Ridl. from Mount Gumitir, East Java, Indonesia

“…The specimen was identified based on morphological structure by Lina Susanti Juswara from Biosystematics and Evolution Research Centre, BRIN, and based on molecular data of DNA barcode with three primers, i.e., matK, rbcL, and ITS2 (Arum, 2023). A voucher specimen was planted in the Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, The University of Jember, Indonesia (Ulum et al, 2023). Leaves extract was used for the antimicrobial assay and the metabolite analysis.…”

“…Liparis resupinata Ridl. was one of the abundant orchids in the study area (Arum, 2023;Ulum et al, 2023) and was reported widespread in the tropical forest of South East Asia (Tetsana et al, 2014). In contrast, the phytochemical substance and the medicinal potency of L. resupinata were still unexplored.…”