Epirubicin-loaded marine carrageenan oligosaccharide capped gold nanoparticle system for pH-triggered anticancer drug release

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the pH stimuli-responsive drug delivery system have been extensively applied in cancer treatment. Carrageenan derived from marine red algae shows a promising application prospect for drug delivery as a nanomaterial for its biodegradability, abundance, and non-toxicity. Carrageenan oligosaccharide (CAO) was used as a biocompatible reductant for green synthesis of CAO-AuNPs, and the obtained CAO-AuNPs were further used as a delivery system for pH-triggered delivery of epirubicin (EPI). The EPI-CAO-AuNPs were demonstrated to be spherical and homogeneous with mean diameter of 141 ± 6 nm by means of electron microscopy and Malvern particle size analyzer. Results showed that the release of EPI from EPI-CAO-AuNPs was significant under acidic condition that simulated cancer environment, while it was negligible under physiological pH in vitro . Confocal laser scanning microscope and flow cytometry analysis showed that EPI-CAO-AuNPs were localized in cellular nucleus and induced more apoptosis of HCT-116 and HepG2 cells than free EPI. A new pH-triggered anticancer drug release was achieved by EPI-CAO-AuNPs system for the first time. The developed EPI-CAO-AuNPs nanosystem shows a promising prospect for pH-triggered delivery of antitumor drugs, and our work provides a new idea for targeted drug delivery by using biocompatible marine carbohydrates as nanomaterial.

Gold Nanoparticles Using Ecklonia stolonifera Protect Human Dermal Fibroblasts from UVA-Induced Senescence through Inhibiting MMP-1 and MMP-3

“…Secondary metabolites derived from marine algae have been identified as a novel class of agents that can be used as cosmetic ingredients, as they have topical antibacterial, antiwinkle, anti-inflammatory and antimelanogenic properties [11]. The secondary metabolites of marine algae play an important role in the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) containing active substances with antioxidant properties.…”

Tumor Microenvironment-Stimuli Responsive Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy

“…Although there are few disadvantages of external stimuli-responsive materials, they are limited in terms of their tumor targeting capability to induce FIGURE 1 | pH stimuli responsive system of (A) epirubicin loaded Carrageenan oligosaccharide capped gold nanoparticle. (B) Drug release from the Dox-TPP nanoparticle was observed at lower pH (6.5) in the intracellular compartment of cell whereas at 7.5 pH minimal release was observed after 4 h. Reprinted with permission from Chen X. et al (2019) and Palanikumar et al (2020). Copyright © 2017 OMICS International.…”

Application prospect of polysaccharides in the development of anti-novel coronavirus drugs and vaccines

“…Additionally, polysaccharides or their derivatives, such as carrageenan oligosaccharide and fucoidan derived from marine algae with biodegradability, abundance, and non-toxicity, can be used as biocompatible reductants for green synthesis AuNPs [ 134 , 135 ]. Based on our previous works, we hypothesize that the S or N protein from coronavirus can be designed to be loaded onto polysaccharides capped AuNPs by protein corona formation for coronavirus nanoparticles vaccine application ( Fig.…”