“…In this context, a large body of studies has evaluated the diagnostic/prognostic value of surveilling key players in the growth, survival, invasion, and differentiation of oral epithelial cells and biological events deregulated in OPMDs and OSCCs [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Among the markers examined in the aforementioned studies are the basic helix-loop-helix twist homolog (TWIST) transcription factors, the Ki67 cell proliferation marker, the Bcl-2 survival factor, the pro-apoptotic Bax, the protein kinase B (AKT), the pro-invasive matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the cell membrane cadherins and connexins, and cytoskeleton components such as keratins or vimentin [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Further work has focused on the modulators of biological processes that are altered during oral carcinogenesis, such as the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], the metabolism of glucose [ 23 ], and the inflammatory response [ 24 , 25 ].…”