Epoxidized Vegetable Oils Plasticized Poly(lactic acid) Biocomposites: Mechanical, Thermal and Morphology Properties

Chieng, Buong Woei; Ibrahim, Nor Azowa; Then, Yoon Yee; Loo, Yuet Ying

doi:10.3390/molecules191016024

Cited by 198 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This interaction allows load transfer between PLA matrix and dispersed HSF particles and this leads to improved ductile properties such as elongation at break. PLA can be plasticized with relatively low amounts of epoxidized vegetable oils as reported by other authors and PLA is not absolutely miscible with epoxidized vegetable oils [23,24,44,47]. This lack of complete miscibility is evidenced by observation of fractured surfaces.…”

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confidence: 52%

Processing and characterization of high environmental efficiency composites based on PLA and hazelnut shell flour (HSF) with biobased plasticizers derived from epoxidized linseed oil (ELO)

Balart

Fombuena

Fenollar

et al. 2016

Composites Part B: Engineering

138

109

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interactions so that indicating that ELO also provides a coupling effect between PLA matrix and HSF filler. ELO addition leads to a decrease in storage modulus (G') obtained by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) in torsion mode thus giving clear evidence of the plasticization effect of ELO. Overall, the use of ELO in PLA/HSF composites is an attracting way to improve the low intrinsic fragility of these green Injection moulding.1.-Introduction.In the last years, a remarkable increase in the development of high environmentally friendly materials has been detected in the field of polymers and polymer composites. The high concern of society about environment protection has promoted the development of new "eco", "bio" or "green" materials. which results from the high intrinsic account the relatively low hydrophilic nature of PLA and the extremely high hydrophilic nature of the lignocellulosic filler, poor matrixparticle interactions are achieved thus leading to stress concentration phenomena that also contributes to fragility. For this reasons, research on how to reduce fragility of PLA-based composites is being investigated. One approach is focused on the use of compatible plasticizers for PLA and another approach considers the use of compatibilizer agents to act as a bridge between the hydrophobic PLA matrix and the highly hydrophilic surrounding particles.In general terms, the use of plasticizers lead to a decrease in the PLA glass transition temperature (Tg PLA); they also favor cold crystallization and the resulting material is more flexible. On the other hand, the use of coupling agents or compatibilizers provides intense PLA matrix-lignocellulosic filler interactions that contribute to decrease fragility.Chemical coupling agents such as N,N-(1,3-phenylene dimaleimide) and 1,1- The main aim of this study is to reduce the high intrinsic fragility of poly(lactic acid), PLA -hazelnut shell flour (HSF) by using a biobased plasticizer from epoxidized linseed oil (ELO). Mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical properties of PLA -HSF green composites are evaluated in terms of the epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) load in the 0 -22.5 wt.% range.2.-Experimental. 2.1.-Materials.Poly(lactic acid), PLA commercial grade Ingeo 6201D was supplied by NatureWorks LLC (Minnesota, USA). This grade is characterized by a melt flow index in the 15 -30 g/10 min range and a density of 1.24 g cm -3 .Hazelnut shell waste (Corylus avellana) was obtained from the food industry and subjected to a grinding process to an average particle size of 63 m to give a homogeneous flour (hazelnut shell flour, HSF). Hazelnut shell was grinded in an ultra centrifugal mill from Retsch GmbH (Hann, Germany) at a rotating speed of 10000 rpm.Epoxidized linseed oil (ELO), CAS number 8016-11-3 was used as plasticizer in at 20 ºC and a viscosity of 8-11 p at 25 ºC. It shows high thermal stability with a flammability temperature of 287 ºC and it is not water-soluble. The average fatty acid profile is: 3-5% stearic acid, 5-7% palmitic acid, 14-20% linoleic ...

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confidence: 52%

Processing and characterization of high environmental efficiency composites based on PLA and hazelnut shell flour (HSF) with biobased plasticizers derived from epoxidized linseed oil (ELO)

Balart

Fombuena

Fenollar

et al. 2016

Composites Part B: Engineering

138

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hence, as ratio of EPO increased, the yields stress decreased as reported by Chieng et. al [11]. Meanwhile, at EPO content of 30 wt%, the yield stress decreased to 4.3 MPa and elongation-atbreak of 6%.…”

Section: Tensile Properties Of Pla/epo Blendsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Plasticizing Poly(lactic Acid) Using Epoxidized Palm Oil for Environmental Friendly Packaging Material

Ali

Anuar²,

Fakhruldin

2016

MJAS

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Petrochemical based polymers used in packaging materials are causing various environmental problems. Therefore, biopolymers prepared from renewable sources have high potential to substitute the commercially available non-degradable polymer. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the biodegradable polymers that can be used to substitute in the application of petrochemicalbased polymers. Environmental friendly and biodegradable epoxidized palm oil (EPO) was used as plasticizer in this study and it was incorporated into PLA matrix through solution blending method. The mechanical properties were determined through three-point flexural test and tensile test. Tensile results revealed that the flexibility of PLA can be improved by the addition of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) as plasticizer in the polymer. PLA/EPO blend at ratio 100:10 showed significant flexibility among the other PLA/EPO blends. The thermal properties of neat PLA and PLA/EPO blends were characterized by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased by addition of plasticizer, indicated the chain mobility of PLA increased in the PLA/EPO blends system. The improved flexibility of PLA by using EPO as plasticizer showed that it has high potential to be used as environmental-friendly packaging material.Keywords: biodegradable polymer, green polymer, poly(lactic acid), environmental friendly packaging material Abstrak Barangan dari sumber yang boleh diperbaharui boleh mewujudkan satu platform untuk menggantikan polimer berasaskan petroleum yang diketahui tidak mampu terbiodegradasi. Poli(laktik asid) (PLA) adalah antara polimer yang boleh biodegradasi secara semula jadi dan dipercayai boleh menjadi pengganti bagi penggunaan polimer petrokimia. Pemplastik yang terbiodegradasi boleh digunakan untuk meningkatkan fleksibiliti PLA. PLA/EPO telah dicampurkan dengan nisbah tertentu dan sifat mekanikal dan haba bahan ini telah dikaji. Sifat mekanik polimer/pemplastik ditentukan melalui ujian lenturan mekanik dan ujian tegangan. Hasil kajian tegangan bahan menunjukkan bahawa fleksibiliti PLA boleh dipertingkatkan dengan penambahan minyak kelapa sawat terepoksi (EPO) sebagai pemplastik dalam polimer. Ia telah membuktikan bahawa kandungan 100:10 PLA/EPO adalah nisbah yang paling sesuai untuk campuran PLA/EPO. Ciri -ciri haba diperolehi dengan menggunakan Kalorimeter Pengimbasan Perbezaan (DSC). Pemplastik didapati mengurangkan suhu peralihan kaca PLA. EPO didapati meningkatkan tekanan tegangan dan pemanjangan di dalam PLA/EPO. Peningkatan fleksibiliti PLA menerusi penggunaan EPO membuktikan bahawa PLA/EPO boleh digunakan untuk pengunaan bungkusan mesra alam.Kata kunci: polimer terbiodegradasikan, polimer hijau, poli(laktik asid), bungkusan mesra alam

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“…Palm oil for example is a favourable vegetable oil because it is cheap, low in toxicity and easily available as a sustainable agricultural resource. The effect of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) on PLA/PCL was studied by [7]. They reported that EPO reduced the tensile strength and modulus of PLA/PCL blend produced via solution casting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Properties of Durian Skin Fibre Reinforced Plasticized Polylactic Acid Biocomposites

Anuar

Razali

Saidin

et al. 2016

IJEMM

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This research investigates the effects of plasticizer and durian skin fibre (DSF) loading on tensile and morphological properties of polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. Epoxidized palm oil (EPO) was added as a plasticizer in this project. The effect of EPO content 0-10 wt% was investigated over the tensile properties of PLA. EPO at 5 wt% was found to provide the highest tensile properties on PLA biocomposite. The plasticized PLA was then investigated for the effect of DSF content by varying the DSF at 1, 3 and 5 wt%. The tensile properties improved by about 7% with 3 wt% DSF. Scanning electron micrograph revealed that a ductile failure was induced in PLA composite with 5 wt% EPO and 3 wt% DSF.

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Epoxidized Vegetable Oils Plasticized Poly(lactic acid) Biocomposites: Mechanical, Thermal and Morphology Properties

Cited by 198 publications

References 24 publications

Processing and characterization of high environmental efficiency composites based on PLA and hazelnut shell flour (HSF) with biobased plasticizers derived from epoxidized linseed oil (ELO)

Processing and characterization of high environmental efficiency composites based on PLA and hazelnut shell flour (HSF) with biobased plasticizers derived from epoxidized linseed oil (ELO)

Plasticizing Poly(lactic Acid) Using Epoxidized Palm Oil for Environmental Friendly Packaging Material

Tensile Properties of Durian Skin Fibre Reinforced Plasticized Polylactic Acid Biocomposites

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