Epoxy resin nanocomposites with hydroxyl (OH) and amino (NH<sub>2</sub>) functionalized boron nitride nanotubes

Guan, Jingwen; Ashrafi, Behnam; Martinez‐Rubi, Yadienka; Jakubinek, Michael B.; Rahmat, Meysam; Kh, Kim; Simard, Benoît

doi:10.1080/20550324.2018.1457764

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Some research upon BNNT-based nanocomposites, such as thermal conductivity improvement and mechanical reinforcement, was reported after the initial publications on the synthesis of the nanotubes , and reviewed in a number of papers. ,,, Only limited quantities of BNNTs were available, however, and any property enhancements reported initially were generally disappointing. The National Research Council Canada (NRC) has recently developed an industrially scalable plasma process for BNNT production chemistry, and polymer nanocomposites based upon these BNNTs have been shown to have more promising properties. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Wang

Prestat

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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A detailed study has been undertaken of the mechanisms of stress transfer in a nanocomposite consisting of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanotubes (BNNTs) in a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix based upon the use of non-resonance Raman spectroscopy. The structure of the BNNTs was characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where it was shown that the majority of the nanotubes had 2–5 walls with some having over 10 walls. The structure and mechanical properties of nanocomposites containing up to 1 wt % of both pristine and hydroxyl-functionalized nanotubes (OH-BNNTs) in PVA were investigated. The dispersion of the BNNTs in the nanocomposites was characterized by using a combination of transmission electron microscopy and Raman mapping. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated by tensile testing, and it was found that the Young’s modulus, yield strength, and fracture stress all increased on the addition of the BNNTs. A further improvement in the mechanical properties was obtained for nanocomposites containing the OH-BNNTs. The variation of the Young’s modulus of the nanocomposites with volume fraction of the BNNTs was evaluated by using the rule of mixtures, and it was shown that the effective Young’s modulus (E eff) of the BNNTs approached 825 ± 100 GPa at low volume fractions. The value of E eff was found to decrease with increasing BNNT volume fraction as the result of nanotube bundling. By use of nondestructive Raman spectroscopy, stress transfer from the PVA matrix to the BNNTs was evaluated from stress-induced shifts of the hBN Raman G band, enabling the analysis of interfacial adhesion in the nanocomposites. Larger band shifts were obtained for the OH-BNNTs indicating a stronger interface between the BNNTs and the PVA matrix and a better dispersion. A value of 1.34 ± 0.72 was determined from the stress-induced Raman band shifts for the Grüneisen parameter of the BNNTs. In consideration of their efficient reinforcement of a polymer at very low additions and unique electrically insulating and thermally conductive properties, BNNTs are shown to have great potential to be used as nanofillers for composites in a number of applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Wang

Prestat

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Firstly, in view of the fact that the amine curing agent that was used, diethylenetriamine, contains mass NH 2 groups, we suggest the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite occurs via the chemical reaction between the CNF and active amide (amino CNF). Guan et al demonstrated that hydroxyl-and amino-functionalized boron nitride nanotubes, with epoxy nanocomposites, improve the strength due to the interaction of surface functional OH/NH 2 groups and/or covalent connections with epoxide rings [13]. Similarly, by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Vijayan et al reported that active amide groups were formed by the chemical reaction between amine curing agents and CNF, leaving some unreacted amine groups [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Flexural Properties of Epoxy Composites with Extremely Low Addition of Cellulose Nanofiber Content

Xie¹,

Kurita

Ishigami³

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Epoxy resins are a widely used common polymer due to their excellent mechanical properties. On the other hand, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is one of the new generation of fibers, and recent test results show that CNF reinforced polymers have high mechanical properties. It has also been reported that an extremely low CNF addition increases the mechanical properties of the matrix resin. In this study, we prepared extremely-low CNF (~1 wt.%) reinforced epoxy resin matrix (epoxy-CNF) composites, and tried to understand the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite through the three-point flexural test, finite element analysis (FEA), and discussion based on organic chemistry. The flexural modulus and strength were significantly increased by the extremely low CNF addition (less than 0.2 wt.%), although the theories for short-fiber-reinforced composites cannot explain the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite. Hence, we propose the possibility that CNF behaves as an auxiliary agent to enhance the structure of the epoxy molecule, and not as a reinforcing fiber in the epoxy resin matrix.

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“…Beside in situ hydroxylation in the BNNTs forming process [111,112], OH groups can be introduced by a pre-treatment in the presence of H 2 O 2 [33,[113][114][115][116], HNO 3 [117], NaOH [118], and other reactants [119,120] (see Fig. 16).…”

Section: Methods For Hydroxylated Bnntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ hydroxylation Hydroxylated BNNTs can be directly obtained via a bottom-up approach [111,112]…”

Section: Bnntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxylated boron nitride materials: from structures to functional applications

2020

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Functionalization of boron nitride (BN) materials with hydroxyls has attracted great attention to accomplish better performances at micro- and nanoscale. BN surface hydroxylation, in fact, induces a change in properties and allows expanding the fields of application. In this review, we have summarized the state-of-the-art in developing hydroxylated bulk and nanoscale BN materials. The different synthesis routes to develop hydroxyl BN have been critically discussed. What emerges is the great variety of possible strategies to achieve BN hydroxylation, which, in turn, represents one of the most suitable methods to improve the solubility of BN nanomaterials. The improved stability of BN solutions creates conditions for producing high-quality nanocomposites. Furthermore, new interesting optical and electronic properties may arise from the functionalization by OH groups as displayed by a wide range of both theoretical and experimental studies. After the presentation of the most significant systems and methodologies, we question of future perspective and important trends of the next generation BN materials as well as the possible areas of advanced research. Graphical abstract Hydroxyl functionalization of boron nitride materials is a key method to control and enhance the properties and design new functional applications.

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Epoxy resin nanocomposites with hydroxyl (OH) and amino (NH₂) functionalized boron nitride nanotubes

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Reinforcement of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Reinforcement of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Assessing the Flexural Properties of Epoxy Composites with Extremely Low Addition of Cellulose Nanofiber Content

Hydroxylated boron nitride materials: from structures to functional applications

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Epoxy resin nanocomposites with hydroxyl (OH) and amino (NH2) functionalized boron nitride nanotubes

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Reinforcement of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Reinforcement of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Assessing the Flexural Properties of Epoxy Composites with Extremely Low Addition of Cellulose Nanofiber Content

Hydroxylated boron nitride materials: from structures to functional applications

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Product

Resources

About

Epoxy resin nanocomposites with hydroxyl (OH) and amino (NH₂) functionalized boron nitride nanotubes