Eprinomectin nanoemulgel for transdermal delivery against endoparasites and ectoparasites: preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation

Abstract

Nanoemulgels are composed of O/W nanoemulsion and hydrogels and are considered as ideal carriers for the transdermal drug delivery because these have high affinity to load hydrophobic drugs. The stable formulation of eprinomectin (EPR) is very challenging because of it is high hydrophobic nature. In this work, we have prepared EPR loaded nanoemulgel for the treatment of endo-and ectoparasites. The surface morphology of optimized formulations was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, skin permeability and irritation tests were conducted for in vitro safety and in vivo skin retention and pearmeation test of EPR nanoemulgel were conducted for efficacy study. Obtained results indicated that the optimized formulation had good shear-thinning behavior, bioadhesiveness properties, and are nanosized droplets with porous internal structure, which are required for topical application. Furthermore, this formulation has showed good skin permeability in comparison to suspension and has no skin irritating property. Overall, the obtained results proved that nanoemulgel is a promising carrier for transdermal drug delivery and EPR nanoemulgel is a promising formulation for the treatment of endo-and ectoparasites.

Enhancement of Curcumin Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Formulation into Myrrh Oil-Based Nanoemulgel

“…The area supplied with the tested formulation was observed for 3 days and no irritation, edema or erythema was detected during the entire period of study. The results are in accordance with Mao et al, who observed no irritation on skin treated with eprinomectin nanoemulgel [20].…”

“…A nanoemulgel is a novel preparation for transdermal delivery that forms as a result of incorporating a nanoemulsion within a hydrogel, which provides the formulation with dual characteristics. It has the ability to deliver hydrophobic drugs, which is considered a great challenge that can limit the drug application [ 20 ]. Hydrophobic drugs could be entrapped in the oily phase of the nanoemulsion and then the droplets of the nanoemulsion are incorporated into the gel preparation.…”

Ion-Triggered In Situ Gelling Nanoemulgel as a Platform for Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Small Lipophilic Molecules

“…The in situ gelling nanoemulgel of naringin was tested for biocompatibility in the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line (National Centre for Cell Sciences, NCCS, Pune, India) [ 31 ]. The cells were maintained in DMEM and distributed in 96-well plates (1 × 10 4 cells per well) for 24 h in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37 °C.…”

“…The in situ gelling nanoemulgel of naringin was tested for biocompatibility in the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line (National Centre for Cell Sciences, NCCS, Pune, India) [31]. The cells were maintained in DMEM and distributed in 96-well plates (1 × 10 4 cells per well) for 24 h in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere at 37 • C. After this period, the medium was removed and the adhered cells were treated with formulations (4 dilutions taking 0.2 g/mL of formulation in DMEM as 100% and further dilution with DMEM to obtain 50%, 25% and 12.5%, n = 6) under the same incubation conditions.…”

Development of a novel nanoemulgel formulation containing cumin essential oil as skin permeation enhancer

“…Nanoemulgel is a nanoemulsion that contains a gelling ingredient [13]. According to various experimental findings regarding emulgel dosage forms, a drug from nanoemulgel can permeate the skin via both transcellular and paracellular routes, whereas nanoemulsion only delivers the drug via the transcellular route [14,15].…”