Epstein-Barr virus infection in children entering a paediatric unit

Kessell, I.; Pollock, T.M.; Edwards, J M; Woodroof, M.; Dodoo, Ernest; Melita, D.H.; Eaton, Barbara; Wood, MacDonald

doi:10.1016/s0163-4453(80)90770-7

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In England, EBV infects 55% of the population by the age of 12 [15]; i.e. prior to adolescence, when the risk of IM increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United Kingdom, EBV seroprevalence increases rapidly in very young children, reaching 21 and 51% by the age of two years in children of white and Pakistani ethnicity, respectively [14]. Another study showed that EBV seroprevalence then remained relatively constant, at around 55%, between the ages of five and 11 years [15]. EBV seroprevalence was estimated at 75% in university students at 19 years and 92% by the age of 22 years [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus in young people in England

et al. 2019

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BackgroundEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important human pathogen which causes lifelong infection of > 90% people globally and is linked to infectious mononucleosis (arising from infection in the later teenage years) and several types of cancer. Vaccines against EBV are in development. In order to determine the most cost-effective public health strategy for vaccine deployment, setting-specific data on the age at EBV acquisition and risk factors for early infection are required. Such data are also important to inform mathematical models of EBV transmission that can determine the required target product profile of vaccine characteristics. We thus aimed to examine risk factors for EBV infection in young people in England, in order to improve our understanding of EBV epidemiology and guide future vaccination strategies.MethodsThe Health Survey for England (HSE) is an annual, cross-sectional representative survey of households in England during which data are collected via questionnaires and blood samples. We randomly selected individuals who participated in the HSE 2002, aiming for 25 participants of each sex in each single year age group from 11 to 24 years. Stored samples were tested for EBV and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies. We undertook descriptive and regression analyses of EBV seroprevalence and risk factors for infection.ResultsDemographic data and serostatus were available for 732 individuals. EBV seroprevalence was strongly associated with age, increasing from 60.4% in 11–14 year olds throughout adolescence (68.6% in 15–18 year olds) and stabilising by early adulthood (93.0% in those aged 22–24 years). In univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, ethnicity was associated with serostatus (adjusted odds ratio for seropositivity among individuals of other ethnicity versus white individuals 2.33 [95% confidence interval 1.13–4.78]). Smoking was less strongly associated with EBV seropositivity.ConclusionsBy the age of 11 years, EBV infection is present in over half the population, although age is not the only factor associated with serostatus. Knowledge of the distribution of infection in the UK population is critical for determining future vaccination policies, e.g. comparing general versus selectively targeted vaccination strategies.

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“…In England, EBV infects 55% of the population by the age of 12 [15]; i.e. prior to adolescence, when the risk of IM increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus in young people in England

et al. 2019

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“…The exanthem occurs in 3-13% of cases and increases to 50% if treated with ampicillin or amoxicillin. [15,55,56] Children with dengue fever present with sudden onset of high grade fever associated with facial flushing, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, and abdominal pain. Within 48 hours of onset of fever, a transient generalized macular rash develops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever with rash in a child in India

Sarkar

Mishra

Garg

2012

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

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Fever with rash is common among children and are seen by both dermatologists and pediatricians. Most of them are benign viral exanthems without much clinical significance. This article gives an overview of the infectious and noninfectious causes of fever with rash in children and how to diagnose them, with special emphasis on the Indian scenario as well. It also differentiates them from fever with rash caused by drugs. This review emphasizes that although benign in many cases, it is necessary to identify the signs of serious illnesses to prevent mortality or sequelae.

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